Mendes M P, Marinho A H, Moura F A, Bádue G S, Ferreira G A, Araujo G G de, Lima-Silva A E, Ataide-Silva T
Programa de Pós-graduação em Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil.
Laboratório de Ciências do Esporte Aplicadas, Instituto de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2025 Feb 3;58:e14189. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2024e14189. eCollection 2025.
The aim of the present study was to describe the use of tapering, carbohydrate (CHO) supercompensation, and supplementation strategies self-reported by athletes in the Olympic triathlon category. A total of 72 triathletes (61 males and 11 females) answered an online questionnaire about their training and performance, supercompensation strategies, carbohydrate supplementation, and use of supplements and other ergogenic substances. The information was summarized and subjected to descriptive analysis. Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to check data normality. The t-test was used to investigate differences in the analyzed variables between sexes. Almost all triathletes reported to have performed tapering (93.05%) and approximately half of them adopted a CHO supercompensation strategy (48.61%); updated CHO supercompensation was the most used strategy (27.77%). Most participants (86.11%) used CHO supplementation during competitions, but in amounts below the 60 g/h recommended for most athletes (96.77%). Thus, since few triathletes performed supercompensation, in addition to the insufficient amount of supplemented carbohydrate taken by them, it could be concluded that triathletes were not sufficiently aware of nutritional recommendations or did not adopt them.
本研究的目的是描述奥运铁人三项项目运动员自我报告的减量、碳水化合物（CHO）超量补偿及补充策略的使用情况。共有72名铁人三项运动员（61名男性和11名女性）回答了一份关于他们的训练与表现、超量补偿策略、碳水化合物补充以及补充剂和其他促力物质使用情况的在线问卷。对这些信息进行了汇总并进行描述性分析。应用夏皮罗-威尔克检验来检查数据的正态性。使用t检验来调查分析变量在性别之间的差异。几乎所有铁人三项运动员都报告进行了减量（93.05%），约一半的运动员采用了CHO超量补偿策略（48.61%）；更新的CHO超量补偿是最常用的策略（27.77%）。大多数参与者（86.11%）在比赛期间使用了CHO补充，但摄入量低于大多数运动员建议的60克/小时（96.77%）。因此，由于进行超量补偿的铁人三项运动员很少，而且他们摄入的补充碳水化合物量不足，可以得出结论，铁人三项运动员对营养建议的认识不足或未采用这些建议。
