Sihombing Crysant Aquilera, Astuti Suryani Dyah, Arifianto Deny, Yaqubi Ahmad Khalil, Zaidan Andi Hamim, Nurdin Dezy Zahrotul Istiqomah, Susilo Yunus, Syahrom Ardiyansyah
Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, 60115, Surabaya, Indonesia.
Lasers Med Sci. 2025 Feb 7;40(1):76. doi: 10.1007/s10103-025-04321-1.
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a 405 nm laser and two photosensitizers derived from silver nanoparticles, red onion extract, and shallot peel extract, comparing their effectiveness against Candida albicans. Candida albicans causes candidiasis, which requires effective, chemical-free treatment methods. PDT offers promise in this regard. The samples were divided into four groups: B1 (silver nanoparticles from red onion extract at concentrations of 1 mM, 1.5 mM, and 2 mM), A1 and A2 (fungus samples irradiated with a 405 nm laser at varying times and concentrations), and B2 (silver nanoparticles from shallot peel extract at the same concentrations). After each photosensitizer exposure, the fungi were subjected to radiation for 90-180 s. Following incubation, optical density (OD) was measured, and Tukey's Post Hoc Test (p < 0.05) and Two-Way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Silver nanoparticles from shallot and red onion peel extracts and 405 nm laser radiation dramatically decreased the viability of Candida albicans compared to controls. After 180 s of radiation, red onion extract nanoparticles showed reductions of 50.92% to 64.55%, and shallot peel extract nanoparticles showed reductions of 47.37% to 70.71%. Using an energy density of 3.44 J/cm, red onion and shallot peel extract nanoparticles effectively deactivated C. albicans, with red onion extract achieving up to 70.71% ± 1.99% reduction. The study highlights the potential of PDT with silver nanoparticles as an alternative treatment for Candida infections.
本研究旨在评估使用405纳米激光以及两种由银纳米颗粒、红洋葱提取物和葱皮提取物衍生的光敏剂进行光动力疗法（PDT）的疗效，比较它们对白色念珠菌的有效性。白色念珠菌会引发念珠菌病，这需要有效的无化学物质治疗方法。光动力疗法在这方面具有前景。样本被分为四组：B1（浓度为1毫摩尔、1.5毫摩尔和2毫摩尔的红洋葱提取物银纳米颗粒）、A1和A2（在不同时间和浓度下用405纳米激光照射的真菌样本）以及B2（相同浓度的葱皮提取物银纳米颗粒）。每次光敏剂暴露后，真菌接受90 - 180秒的辐射。培养后，测量光密度（OD），并使用Tukey事后检验（p < 0.05）和双向方差分析进行统计分析。与对照组相比，葱皮和红洋葱皮提取物的银纳米颗粒以及405纳米激光辐射显著降低了白色念珠菌的活力。辐射180秒后，红洋葱提取物纳米颗粒显示出50.92%至64.55%的减少，葱皮提取物纳米颗粒显示出47.37%至70.71%的减少。使用3.44焦耳/平方厘米的能量密度，红洋葱和葱皮提取物纳米颗粒有效地使白色念珠菌失活，红洋葱提取物实现了高达70.71%±1.99%的减少。该研究突出了使用银纳米颗粒的光动力疗法作为念珠菌感染替代治疗方法的潜力。
