Sadiq Muhammad Usman, Shah Afzal, Zahid Anum, Javaid Adeela, Iftikhar Faiza Jan
Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
Department of Chemistry, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan.
RSC Adv. 2025 Feb 6;15(6):4095-4110. doi: 10.1039/d4ra08231a.
A substantial rise in pollution due to population growth, industrialization, and urbanization has led to water contamination over the past few years, especially in developing countries. Dye-loaded effluents are often discharged into water reservoirs without any treatment, posing a significant threat to the sustainability of the environment and public health. Hence, it is imperative that researchers explore methods to effectively detect and eliminate dyes from waterways and suggest tangible solutions. With this consideration, the current work presents an efficient, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and sustainable approach for the detection of water pollutant (eosin yellow: EY) and its elimination from water. The voltammetric detection of EY was carried out on a transducer fabricated with carboxyl-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, while its removal was carried out using green-synthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs). Under optimized conditions, the designed sensor detected EY up to a 1.24 nM limit of detection. CeO NPs were prepared using leaves for the photocatalytic removal of EY from wastewater. The phytosynthesized CeO NPs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis, photoluminescence spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These synthesized CeO NPs having a band gap of 3.24 eV were applied for the photocatalytic breakdown of EY under direct sunlight. Results revealed 99% removal of EY by CeO NPs from wastewater of pH 5. The findings of the current work emphasize the significance of nanosensor and nanomaterials-based photocatalysis for the detection of water contaminants and for devising a sustainable and environmentally benign remedial plan for water purification.
在过去几年中，由于人口增长、工业化和城市化导致污染大幅增加，造成了水污染，尤其是在发展中国家。含染料废水常常未经任何处理就排放到水库中，对环境可持续性和公众健康构成重大威胁。因此，研究人员必须探索有效检测和去除水道中染料的方法，并提出切实可行的解决方案。出于这一考虑，当前的工作提出了一种高效、经济、环保且可持续的方法，用于检测水中污染物（曙红Y：EY）并将其从水中去除。在由羧基功能化多壁碳纳米管制成的传感器上对EY进行伏安检测，同时使用绿色合成的氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO NPs）进行去除。在优化条件下，设计的传感器检测EY的检测限高达1.24 nM。使用树叶制备CeO NPs用于光催化去除废水中的EY。通过X射线衍射分析、光致发光光谱、紫外可见光谱、差示扫描量热法、扫描电子显微镜结合能量色散X射线光谱以及傅里叶变换红外光谱对植物合成的CeO NPs进行了分析。这些合成的CeO NPs的带隙为3.24 eV，用于在阳光直射下对EY进行光催化分解。结果表明，CeO NPs可使pH为5的废水中的EY去除率达到99%。当前工作的研究结果强调了基于纳米传感器和纳米材料的光催化在检测水污染物以及制定可持续且环境友好的水净化补救方案方面的重要性。
