Guclu Yusuf Adnan, Erkoyun Erdem, Celik Selcuk Sinan, Can Demet
Yusuf Adnan Guclu, MD. Associate Professor, Department of Family Medicine, Izmir Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkiye.
Erdem Erkoyun, MD. Specialist, Public Health Services Presidency, Provincial Health Directorate, Izmir, Turkiye.
Pak J Med Sci. 2025 Feb;41(2):404-408. doi: 10.12669/pjms.41.2.10691.
The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) and allergic diseases(ADs) has increased in recent years. This study aimed to analyse the association between them among children registered at primary healthcare units in Izmir.
For this retrospective cross-sectional study, primary healthcare units in Izmir were selected by randomisation conducted between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2023. The dependent variables are attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The risk factors are respiratory allergies and skin allergies. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic level.
There were 20,557 children registered in 26 primary healthcare units. Skin allergy was detected in 7.8%, respiratory allergy in 6.8%, ADHD in 1.2% and ASD in 0.0%. ADHD comorbidity was found to be high in both children with respiratory allergies and children with skin allergies (p<0.001). The rate of ASD comorbidity was 1.8% in boys with respiratory allergies and 1.6% in boys with skin allergies (p>0.01). The analysis could not be performed due to the low number of girls with ASD. The logistic regression models showed a higher odds ratio for respiratory allergies (OR:6.2, 95% CI: 4.6-8.3) than for skin allergies (OR:2.2, 95% CI: 1.5-3.2) for ADHD.
It would be beneficial to increase awareness among healthcare providers and parents about the co-occurrence of NDs and ADs.
近年来，神经发育障碍（NDs）和过敏性疾病（ADs）的患病率有所上升。本研究旨在分析伊兹密尔初级卫生保健机构登记的儿童中这两种疾病之间的关联。
对于这项回顾性横断面研究，通过在2023年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间进行的随机化选择了伊兹密尔的初级卫生保健机构。因变量为注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。危险因素为呼吸道过敏和皮肤过敏。逻辑回归模型针对年龄、性别、社会经济水平进行了调整。
26个初级卫生保健机构登记了20557名儿童。检测到皮肤过敏的儿童占7.8%，呼吸道过敏的儿童占6.8%，ADHD的儿童占1.2%，ASD的儿童占0.0%。发现呼吸道过敏儿童和皮肤过敏儿童中ADHD合并症的发生率都很高（p<0.001）。呼吸道过敏男孩中ASD合并症的发生率为1.8%，皮肤过敏男孩中为1.6%（p>0.01）。由于患有ASD的女孩数量较少，无法进行分析。逻辑回归模型显示，ADHD中呼吸道过敏的优势比（OR：6.2，95%CI：4.6-8.3）高于皮肤过敏（OR：2.2，95%CI：1.5-3.2）。
提高医疗服务提供者和家长对NDs和ADs共病的认识将是有益的。
