医生对在精神医学中应用人工智能的潜在益处和风险的看法：定性研究
Physician Perspectives on the Potential Benefits and Risks of Applying Artificial Intelligence in Psychiatric Medicine: Qualitative Study.
作者信息
Stroud Austin M, Curtis Susan H, Weir Isabel B, Stout Jeremiah J, Barry Barbara A, Bobo William V, Athreya Arjun P, Sharp Richard R
机构信息
Biomedical Ethics Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
出版信息
JMIR Ment Health. 2025 Feb 10;12:e64414. doi: 10.2196/64414.
BACKGROUND
As artificial intelligence (AI) tools are integrated more widely in psychiatric medicine, it is important to consider the impact these tools will have on clinical practice.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to characterize physician perspectives on the potential impact AI tools will have in psychiatric medicine.
METHODS
We interviewed 42 physicians (21 psychiatrists and 21 family medicine practitioners). These interviews used detailed clinical case scenarios involving the use of AI technologies in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of psychiatric conditions. Interviews were transcribed and subsequently analyzed using qualitative analysis methods.
RESULTS
Physicians highlighted multiple potential benefits of AI tools, including potential support for optimizing pharmaceutical efficacy, reducing administrative burden, aiding shared decision-making, and increasing access to health services, and were optimistic about the long-term impact of these technologies. This optimism was tempered by concerns about potential near-term risks to both patients and themselves including misguiding clinical judgment, increasing clinical burden, introducing patient harms, and creating legal liability.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results highlight the importance of considering specialist perspectives when deploying AI tools in psychiatric medicine.
背景
随着人工智能（AI）工具在精神医学中得到更广泛的应用，考虑这些工具对临床实践的影响至关重要。
目的
本研究旨在描述医生对AI工具在精神医学中潜在影响的看法。
方法
我们采访了42名医生（21名精神科医生和21名家庭医学从业者）。这些访谈使用了详细的临床病例场景，涉及在精神疾病的评估、诊断和治疗中使用AI技术。访谈内容被转录，随后使用定性分析方法进行分析。
结果
医生们强调了AI工具的多种潜在益处，包括对优化药物疗效、减轻管理负担、辅助共同决策以及增加医疗服务可及性的潜在支持，并对这些技术的长期影响持乐观态度。然而，对患者和自身潜在的近期风险的担忧，包括误导临床判断、增加临床负担、造成患者伤害以及产生法律责任，使这种乐观情绪有所缓和。
结论
我们的结果凸显了在精神医学中部署AI工具时考虑专家观点的重要性。
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