Zhang Weilong, Gai Xiaoyan, Duan Zhonghui, Yan Changjian, Huang Chunyuan, Wu Chaoling, Zheng Siping, Lin Zixiang, Zhou Qingtao, Dai Lili, Yang Ping, Bao Fang, Jing Hongmei, Cai Chao, Ma Yingmin, Sun Yongchang
Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2025 Jan 22;11:1478466. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1478466. eCollection 2024.
Three years into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the virus continues to mutate despite widespread vaccination, posing ongoing challenges for epidemic prevention and control. The relationship between viral shedding and immune escape remains under investigation. This study aims to examine the association between viral shedding and immune escape in the BA.4/5 and BF.7 variants.
We included 542 patients infected with the Omicron variant from Beijing Xiaotangshan shelter hospital. Based on the viral strain, patients were divided into BA.4/5 group and BF.7 group. Additionally, we categorized patients into rapid viral shedding and slow viral shedding groups according to their viral shedding rates. We explored the relationship between viral shedding and immune-related clinical indicators during this period.
Of the 542 patients, 118 were infected with BA.4/5 variant, and 424 were infected with BF.7 variant. The viral shedding duration differed significantly between BA.4/5 and BF.7 groups ( < 0.0001). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between viral shedding duration and immune-related indicators, such as WBC, Hb, PLT, Neu, Lym, CRP, allergy, fever, and vaccination status ( > 0.05). Furthermore, viral shedding duration was not associated with vaccination status, intervals between vaccinations, or vaccine types ( > 0.05).
The duration of viral shedding in patients infected with Omicron variants BA.4/5 and BF.7 is not associated with WBC, Hb, Lym, CRP, fever, allergy, or vaccine-related indicators. This lack of association may be attributed to immune escape mechanisms.
在新型冠状病毒肺炎（SARS-CoV-2）大流行的三年中，尽管广泛接种了疫苗，但病毒仍在继续变异，给疫情防控带来持续挑战。病毒脱落与免疫逃逸之间的关系仍在研究中。本研究旨在探讨BA.4/5和BF.7变异株中病毒脱落与免疫逃逸之间的关联。
我们纳入了北京小汤山方舱医院542例感染奥密克戎变异株的患者。根据病毒株，将患者分为BA.4/5组和BF.7组。此外，根据病毒脱落率将患者分为病毒快速脱落组和缓慢脱落组。我们探讨了在此期间病毒脱落与免疫相关临床指标之间的关系。
在542例患者中，118例感染BA.4/5变异株，424例感染BF.7变异株。BA.4/5组和BF.7组的病毒脱落持续时间差异显著（<0.0001）。然而，病毒脱落持续时间与免疫相关指标，如白细胞（WBC）计数、血红蛋白（Hb）、血小板（PLT）计数、中性粒细胞（Neu）、淋巴细胞（Lym）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、过敏、发热和疫苗接种状况之间无统计学显著相关性（>0.05）。此外，病毒脱落持续时间与疫苗接种状况、接种间隔或疫苗类型无关（>0.05）。
感染奥密克戎变异株BA.4/5和BF.7的患者的病毒脱落持续时间与白细胞、血红蛋白、淋巴细胞、C反应蛋白、发热、过敏或疫苗相关指标无关。这种缺乏关联可能归因于免疫逃逸机制。
