Salahshour Yasin, Rastegarzadeh Saadat, Motamedi Hossein, Hoveizi Elham
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
J Biol Eng. 2025 Feb 11;19(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s13036-025-00486-z.
Skin wounds have the potential to rapidly become infected, with bacteria having the ability to quickly penetrate to the skin's deeper layers. Then they enter the lymph nodes and spread throughout the body; therefore, all wounds should be cleaned and have a permanent cover. Modern wound dressings with effective antibacterial and therapeutic properties are required to create a sterile environment for the acceleration of healing. The aim of this work was to prepare zein electrospun nanofibers containing Scrophularia striata extract for wound healing promotion. Electrospun nanofibers made of zein, a natural polymer, have attracted a lot of attention due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. The prepared nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X‑ray analysis (EDX), water contact angle test, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The parameters affected by the electrospinning process were investigated and optimized. The results revealed that the zein nanofibers (25% w/v, zein) containing Scrophularia striata extract (6.7% w/v) had a smooth and bead-free morphology with improved surface hydrophilicity. The measurement of water contact angle confirmed that nanofibers containing extract showed higher wettability (64.9°) compared to fibers without extract (119.8), so the proposed mat adequately moisturizes the wound environment. The antimicrobial studies show that Scrophularia striata extract incorporated nanofibers has the ability to inhibit the growth of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The biophenols release profile indicated that nanofibrous mat can release more effective substances to promote wound healing. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of nanofibrous scaffold containing Scrophularia striata extract tested in in vivo and in vitro conditions show a significantly higher survival rate of fibroblast cells. In addition, macroscopic and histological observations confirmed that the implanted nanofibers containing the extract did not exhibit any signs of inflammation or redness after a month when inserted beneath the skin of mice surrounded by vessels containing epidermis.
皮肤伤口有迅速被感染的风险，细菌能够快速渗透到皮肤深层。然后它们进入淋巴结并扩散至全身；因此，所有伤口都应进行清洁并加以永久性覆盖。需要具有有效抗菌和治疗特性的现代伤口敷料来营造无菌环境以加速愈合。这项工作的目的是制备含有玄参提取物的玉米醇溶蛋白电纺纳米纤维，以促进伤口愈合。由天然聚合物玉米醇溶蛋白制成的电纺纳米纤维因其生物相容性和生物降解性而备受关注。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线分析（EDX）、水接触角测试和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）对制备的纳米纤维进行了表征。研究并优化了受电纺过程影响的参数。结果表明，含有玄参提取物（6.7% w/v）的玉米醇溶蛋白纳米纤维（25% w/v，玉米醇溶蛋白）具有光滑无珠的形态，表面亲水性得到改善。水接触角测量证实，与不含提取物的纤维（119.8°）相比，含提取物的纳米纤维具有更高的润湿性（64.9°），因此所提出的垫子能充分滋润伤口环境。抗菌研究表明，掺入玄参提取物的纳米纤维具有抑制革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌生长的能力。生物酚释放曲线表明，纳米纤维垫可释放更有效的物质来促进伤口愈合。在体内和体外条件下测试的含有玄参提取物的纳米纤维支架的生物相容性和生物降解性表明，成纤维细胞的存活率显著更高。此外，宏观和组织学观察证实，植入含有提取物的纳米纤维一个月后，当插入被含有表皮的血管包围的小鼠皮肤下时，未表现出任何炎症或发红迹象。
