Meneguci Joilson, Galvão Lucas Lima, Garcia Meneguci Cíntia Aparecida, Ferreira da Silva Antonio Paulo, Paula Eduardo da Silva, Virtuoso Júnior Jair Sindra
Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Clinical Hospital, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro (UFTM), Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil.
J Aging Phys Act. 2025 Feb 13;33(5):448-456. doi: 10.1123/japa.2024-0037. Print 2025 Oct 1.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Few conceptual models demonstrate how the relationship between behavioral factors, especially physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB), and depressive symptoms occurs in older adults. In this regard, understanding how these relationships occur may help in designing future behavior change interventions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations of PA and SB with depressive symptoms in older adults, accounting for functional capacity, sleep quality, self-esteem, and self-efficacy as possible mediators.
In overall, 466 older adults aged ≥60 years participated in the study with a cross-sectional design. We subjectively assessed depressive symptoms, PA and SB, self-efficacy for walking and PA, instrumental activities of daily living, sleep quality, and self-esteem. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the direct and indirect associations of PA and SB with depressive symptoms.
Although PA and SB do not have a direct association with depressive symptoms, these behaviors seem to have total effects on the outcome. The association of SB with depressive symptoms was mediated by functional capacity and sleep quality. And the association of PA was mediated by functional capacity and self-esteem.
To reduce depressive symptoms in older adults, PA and SB interventions need to promote sleep quality, functional capacity, and self-esteem. Significance/Implications: Interventions that promote the continuation of regular PA and the reduction of time spent in SB should be encouraged, seeking to improve sleep quality and increase functional capacity, in order to reduce the rates of depressive symptoms in older adults.
背景/目的：很少有概念模型能说明行为因素，尤其是身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）与老年人抑郁症状之间的关系是如何产生的。在这方面，了解这些关系的产生方式可能有助于设计未来的行为改变干预措施。本研究的目的是评估老年人中PA和SB与抑郁症状之间的关联，并将功能能力、睡眠质量、自尊和自我效能作为可能的中介因素加以考虑。
总体而言，466名年龄≥60岁的老年人参与了这项横断面研究。我们主观评估了抑郁症状、PA和SB、步行和PA的自我效能、日常生活工具性活动、睡眠质量和自尊。采用结构方程模型来研究PA和SB与抑郁症状之间的直接和间接关联。
虽然PA和SB与抑郁症状没有直接关联，但这些行为似乎对结果有总体影响。SB与抑郁症状之间的关联由功能能力和睡眠质量介导。而PA的关联由功能能力和自尊介导。
为了减轻老年人的抑郁症状，PA和SB干预措施需要改善睡眠质量、功能能力和自尊。意义/启示：应鼓励采取促进持续进行规律PA和减少SB时间的干预措施，以改善睡眠质量和提高功能能力，从而降低老年人的抑郁症状发生率。
