Su Yijun, Fu Jiangyan, Xie Hao, Huang Zihui, Li Yimeng, Luo Yuankai, Zhou Xinxing, Li Yangyang, Li Jian, Sun Yawei, Liu Yaju
Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Xuhuai District, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Feb 14;25(1):196. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06203-8.
Arctium lappa L. is a medicinal edible homologous plant, commonly known as burdock or bardana, which belongs to the Asteraceae family and is abundant all over the world. Genetic diversity assessment is essential for A. lappa germplasm resource conservation and breeding. The assessment techniques include morphological, biochemical, and DNA marker analysis. However, the limited number of available DNA markers is insufficient to conduct related genetic diversity assessment studies.
In this study, we conducted RNA sequencing of the A. lappa cultivar 'Yanagikawa Ideal' and developed SSR markers to characterize the genetic diversity and population structure of 56 A. lappa accessions and 8 wild relative accessions. A total of 4,851 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) loci were identified. The proportions of mono-, di- and tri-nucleotide repeat motifs were 30.40%, 21.50% and 33.10%, respectively. We developed and verified the reliability of 28 SSR core primer pairs through electronic polymerase chain reaction (ePCR) and the PCR amplification process. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of the 28 SSR core primer pairs ranged from 0.246 to 0.848, with 14 pairs of SSR primers displaying high polymorphism (PIC > 0.5). The 28 SSR core primer pairs showed 100% mobility in Arctium tomentosum Miller and 96.43% mobility in Synurus deltoides (Aiton) Nakai, indicating their high versatility. The average Shannon information index (I) was 1.231, and the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.132, the average expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.564. The 64 accessions were divided into three clusters at a genetic distance of 0.558. AMOVA analysis shows 83% genetic variation within populations and 17% among populations, highlighting implications for conservation and breeding strategies.
Our study provides 28 newly high-quality SSR markers to enhance genetic resource conservation and breeding programs for A. lappa, as well as to support comparative genomics and cross-species breeding strategies for related species.
牛蒡是一种药食同源植物，俗称牛蒡或大刺菜，属于菊科，在世界各地广泛分布。遗传多样性评估对于牛蒡种质资源的保护和育种至关重要。评估技术包括形态学、生物化学和DNA标记分析。然而，可用的DNA标记数量有限，不足以开展相关的遗传多样性评估研究。
在本研究中，我们对牛蒡品种‘柳川理想型’进行了RNA测序，并开发了SSR标记，以表征56份牛蒡种质和8份野生近缘种质的遗传多样性和群体结构。共鉴定出4851个简单序列重复（SSR）位点。单核苷酸、二核苷酸和三核苷酸重复基序的比例分别为30.40%、21.50%和33.10%。我们通过电子聚合酶链反应（ePCR）和PCR扩增过程开发并验证了28对SSR核心引物对的可靠性。28对SSR核心引物对的多态性信息含量（PIC）值在0.246至0.848之间，其中14对SSR引物表现出高多态性（PIC＞0.5）。28对SSR核心引物对在绒毛牛蒡中显示出100%的迁移率，在窄苞帚菊中显示出96.43%的迁移率，表明它们具有很高的通用性。平均香农信息指数（I）为1.231，平均观察杂合度（Ho）为0.132，平均期望杂合度（He）为0.564。在遗传距离为0.558时，64份种质被分为三个聚类。AMOVA分析表明，83%的遗传变异存在于群体内，17%存在于群体间，这对保护和育种策略具有重要意义。
我们的研究提供了28个新的高质量SSR标记，以加强牛蒡的遗传资源保护和育种计划，并支持相关物种的比较基因组学和跨物种育种策略。
