Ariestanti Donna Maretta, Mun'im Abdul, Hartrianti Pietradewi, Nadia Basmah, Chriscensia Erika, Rattu Shereen Angelina, Fadhila Redhalfi, Harianto Anastacia, Simamora Adelina, Ramadon Delly, James Richard Johari, Saputri Fadlina Chany, Kato Mitsuyasu, Puteri Meidi Utami
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok, West Java 16424, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences (I3L), Jakarta, Indonesia.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2025 Mar;114:107271. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2025.107271. Epub 2025 Feb 12.
Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is known for its diverse pharmacological activities due to its rich phytoconstituents, including curcuminoids and xanthorrhizol. Typically, these compounds are extracted using organic solvents, which pose health and environmental risks. Therefore, safer and more environmentally friendly green extraction methods are being developed. This study investigated the effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) combined with natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) based on choline chloride and organic acids (lactic, malic, and citric acid) to find the best combination for extracting curcuminoids and xanthorrhizol from Javanese turmeric. Results showed that UAE using choline chloride and malic acid (1:1) (ChCl-MA) yielded the best results. The Box-Behnken Design optimized water addition, solvent-to-powder ratio, and extraction time, with optimal conditions being 25 % water addition, a 20 mL/g ratio, and a 15-minute extraction time. This method yielded 4.58 mg/g of curcuminoids and 12.93 mg/g of xanthorrhizol. Furthermore, the ChCl-MA NADES with UAE extraction showed more cytoselective activity towards the HeLa cancer cell line compared to the non-cancer HaCaT cell line. In contrast, traditional ethanol extraction was non-selective, as indicated by similar cell viability reductions in both HeLa and HaCaT cells at 6.25 ppm. Collectively, this study is the first to report the optimal NADES combination with UAE, based on salts and organic acids, for the extraction of Javanese turmeric rhizomes with selective cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. These findings may contribute to the development of novel, naturally derived anticancer agents using green extraction techniques.
爪哇姜黄（Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.）因其富含包括姜黄素类化合物和莪术醇在内的植物成分而具有多种药理活性。通常，这些化合物是使用有机溶剂提取的，这会带来健康和环境风险。因此，正在开发更安全、更环保的绿色提取方法。本研究调查了超声辅助提取（UAE）与基于氯化胆碱和有机酸（乳酸、苹果酸和柠檬酸）的天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）相结合的效果，以找到从爪哇姜黄中提取姜黄素类化合物和莪术醇的最佳组合。结果表明，使用氯化胆碱和苹果酸（1:1）（ChCl-MA）的超声辅助提取效果最佳。Box-Behnken设计优化了加水量、溶剂与粉末比例和提取时间，最佳条件为加水量25%、比例20 mL/g和提取时间15分钟。该方法得到了4.58 mg/g的姜黄素类化合物和12.93 mg/g的莪术醇。此外，与非癌性HaCaT细胞系相比，采用ChCl-MA NADES的超声辅助提取对HeLa癌细胞系表现出更多的细胞选择性活性。相比之下，传统乙醇提取没有选择性，在6.25 ppm时HeLa和HaCaT细胞的细胞活力降低情况相似。总体而言，本研究首次报道了基于盐和有机酸的最佳NADES与超声辅助提取组合用于提取爪哇姜黄根茎，且对癌细胞具有选择性细胞毒性作用。这些发现可能有助于利用绿色提取技术开发新型天然来源的抗癌药物。
