Dai Ke-Yao, Liu Chao, Ji Hai-Yu, Liu An-Jun
College of Food science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong 264005, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 May;305(Pt 1):141230. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141230. Epub 2025 Feb 17.
In this paper, Panax ginseng residue after boiling water extraction was reused to obtain the acidic polysaccharide PGP-1, and its structural characterization and anti-tumor activity were investigated. Structural experiments showed that PGP-1 consisted of Rha, Ara, Glc, Gal, and GalA in a molar ratio of 0.04:0.31:1.00:0.28:0.54. The backbone of PGP-1 was formed by the 1 → 4 glycosidic linkage of HG and RG-I, with Araf, Glcp, and Galp sidechains attached at position O-3. In vitro experiments showed that PGP-1 induced apoptosis in MGC803 cells through the mitochondrial pathway, with apoptotic features such as nuclear consolidation and generation of apoptotic vesicles. Animal experiments showed that PGP-1 could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells in H22 tumor-bearing mice by improving the status of immune organs, enhancing the activity of immune cells, and increasing the levels of serum cytokines and apoptosis-related proteins, with the tumor inhibition rate reaching 45.70 % (200 mg/kg). The above experimental results indicated that Panax ginseng polysaccharides had the potential to be functional anti-tumor agents.
本文将人参水煮提取后的残渣进行再利用，得到酸性多糖PGP-1，并对其结构表征及抗肿瘤活性进行了研究。结构实验表明，PGP-1由鼠李糖（Rha）、阿拉伯糖（Ara）、葡萄糖（Glc）、半乳糖（Gal）和半乳糖醛酸（GalA）组成，摩尔比为0.04:0.31:1.00:0.28:0.54。PGP-1的主链由同型半乳糖醛酸（HG）和鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸聚糖-I（RG-I）通过1→4糖苷键形成，在O-3位连接有阿拉伯糖基、葡萄糖基和半乳糖基侧链。体外实验表明，PGP-1通过线粒体途径诱导MGC803细胞凋亡，出现核固缩、凋亡小体产生等凋亡特征。动物实验表明，PGP-1可通过改善免疫器官状态、增强免疫细胞活性、提高血清细胞因子及凋亡相关蛋白水平，抑制H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤细胞增殖，抑瘤率达45.70%（200 mg/kg）。上述实验结果表明人参多糖具有成为功能性抗肿瘤药物的潜力。
