Al-Jebouri M M
J Appl Bacteriol. 1985 Apr;58(4):401-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1985.tb01479.x.
Polluted water samples collected from the River Tigris in the vicinity of a raw sewage outfall were examined for the incidence of antibiotic resistance among coliform bacteria on three occasions during 1983. Eighty percent or more of the coliform bacteria were resistant to one or more antibiotics. At the same time, raw sewage samples were examined for the incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were selected for sensitivity testing. Collectively, more than 90% of the 480 strains of the three organisms were resistant to one or more antibiotics. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ampicillin for twenty-nine strains including coliforms, E. coli, Klebsiella sp., Serratia sp., Ps. aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., Micrococcus sp., Staph. aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Bacillus sp. from raw sewage and polluted River Tigris water was determined and that for Ps. aeruginosa was 250 micrograms/ml. The high incidence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in natural waters could be related to the widespread use of antibiotics in this locality.
1983年期间，在底格里斯河靠近未经处理污水排放口的区域采集了受污染的水样，对其中大肠菌群细菌的抗生素耐药性发生率进行了三次检测。80% 或更多的大肠菌群细菌对一种或多种抗生素具有耐药性。与此同时，对未经处理的污水样本进行了抗生素耐药菌发生率检测，并选取了大肠杆菌、假单胞菌属和葡萄球菌属进行敏感性测试。这三种生物的480个菌株中，总体上超过90% 对一种或多种抗生素具有耐药性。测定了来自未经处理污水和受污染的底格里斯河水的29个菌株（包括大肠菌群、大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属、沙雷菌属、铜绿假单胞菌、假单胞菌属、微球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌和芽孢杆菌属）对氨苄青霉素的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），其中铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度为250微克/毫升。天然水体中抗生素耐药菌的高发生率可能与该地区抗生素的广泛使用有关。
