Parveen S, Murphree R L, Edmiston L, Kaspar C W, Portier K M, Tamplin M L
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1997 Jul;63(7):2607-12. doi: 10.1128/aem.63.7.2607-2612.1997.
A total of 765 Escherichia coli isolates from point and nonpoint sources were collected from the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve, and their multiple-antibiotic-resistance (MAR) profiles were determined with 10 antibiotics. E. coli isolates from point sources showed significantly greater resistance (P < 0.05) to antibiotics and higher MAR indices than isolates from nonpoint sources. Specifically, 65 different resistance patterns were observed among point source isolates, compared to 32 among nonpoint source isolates. Examples of this contrast in MAR profiles included percentages of isolates with resistance to chlortetracycline-sulfathiazole of 33.7% and to chlortetracycline-penicillin G-sulfathiazole of 14.5% for point source isolates versus 15.4 and 1.7%, respectively, for nonpoint source isolates. MAR profile homology, based on coefficient similarity, showed that isolates from point sources were markedly more diverse than isolates from nonpoint sources. Seven clusters were observed among point source isolates, with a coefficient value of approximately 1.8. In contrast, only four clusters were observed among nonpoint source isolates. Covariance matrices of data displayed six very distinct foci representing nonpoint source E. coli isolates. Importantly, E. coli isolates obtained directly from human and animal feces also clustered among point and nonpoint sources, respectively. We conclude that E. coli MAR profiles were associated with point and nonpoint sources of pollution within Apalachicola Bay and that this method may be useful in facilitating management of other estuaries.
从阿巴拉契科拉国家河口研究保护区采集了总共765株来自点源和非点源的大肠杆菌分离株，并用10种抗生素测定了它们的多重耐药性（MAR）谱。来自点源的大肠杆菌分离株比来自非点源的分离株表现出对抗生素的显著更高耐药性（P < 0.05）和更高的MAR指数。具体而言，在点源分离株中观察到65种不同的耐药模式，相比之下，非点源分离株中有32种。MAR谱中的这种差异示例包括，点源分离株中对金霉素 - 磺胺噻唑耐药的分离株百分比为33.7%，对金霉素 - 青霉素G - 磺胺噻唑耐药的为14.5%，而非点源分离株中分别为15.4%和1.7%。基于系数相似性的MAR谱同源性表明，来自点源的分离株比来自非点源的分离株明显更多样化。在点源分离株中观察到七个簇，系数值约为1.8。相比之下，在非点源分离株中仅观察到四个簇。数据的协方差矩阵显示出六个非常不同的焦点，代表非点源大肠杆菌分离株。重要的是，直接从人类和动物粪便中获得的大肠杆菌分离株也分别聚集在点源和非点源之中。我们得出结论，大肠杆菌的MAR谱与阿巴拉契科拉湾内的点源和非点源污染相关，并且这种方法可能有助于其他河口的管理。
