Gashtroudkhani Ali Khalili, Dahmardeh Ghalehno Mohammad, Abadi Saeed Soltan, Pouyani Maryam
Faculty of Polymer Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Wood and Paper Sciences and Technology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 21;15(1):6281. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-90706-9.
This research employed vacuum oxygen plasma processing to modify alpha-cellulose, enhancing its hydrophility, cross-sectional area, and surface roughness. The modified cellulose underwent subsequent nitration. This plasma treatment yielded several benefits, including reduced acid consumption, increased nitrogen content, enhanced nitrator and autoclave capacity, and improved quality of the resulting lacquer. The treatment induced physical changes, notably the formation of a nanoscale subsurface on the fiber surfaces. This alteration suggests increased surface energy and enhanced acid attraction to the cellulose. It should be noted that an acid-to-cellulose ratio of 1:60 is optimal for achieving a nitrogen content of 11.8-12.2%. However, the results demonstrated that treating cellulose surfaces with oxygen plasma enabled the production of nitrocellulose with an 11.8% nitrogen content using a lower acid-to-cellulose ratio (1:40). This improvement led to a 15% increase in nitrator capacity. Additionally, during the boiling phase, viscosity decreased, facilitating efficient acid removal from the fibers and thereby increasing autoclave capacity. The nitrocellulose-derived lacquer exhibited desirable characteristics, being both transparent and soft.
本研究采用真空氧等离子体处理来改性α-纤维素，提高其亲水性、横截面积和表面粗糙度。改性后的纤维素随后进行硝化处理。这种等离子体处理带来了诸多益处，包括减少酸消耗、增加氮含量、提高硝化器和高压釜的产能以及提升所得漆的质量。该处理引发了物理变化，特别是在纤维表面形成了纳米级次表面。这种变化表明表面能增加，且酸对纤维素的吸引力增强。需要注意的是，酸与纤维素的比例为1:60时最有利于实现11.8 - 12.2%的氮含量。然而，结果表明，用氧等离子体处理纤维素表面能够在较低的酸与纤维素比例（1:40）下生产出氮含量为11.8%的硝化纤维素。这一改进使硝化器产能提高了15%。此外，在沸腾阶段，粘度降低，有利于从纤维中有效去除酸，从而提高高压釜的产能。硝化纤维素衍生的漆具有理想的特性，既透明又柔软。
