Zhang Ningjie, Wang Yan, Li Wei, Wang Yongjun, Zhang Hui, Xu Danning, Chen Ruohong, Tang Lingli, Tang Haoneng
Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 4500552, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 22;15(1):6454. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-90785-8.
The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the diabetes population still needs to be clarified. This study aimed to explore the association of 25(OH)D with CVD and cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This cross-sectional study was performed with 1378 hospitalized patients with T2DM. Participants were classified into three groups according to the serum 25(OH)D levels: vitamin D adequate, vitamin D insufficiency and vitamin D deficient. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, stratified analysis and interaction analysis were performed to determine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and CVD outcome. After adjusting for confounders, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly negatively associated with cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetic patients [OR: 0.97 (0.94, 0.99), p = 0.0131]. Taking the vitamin D-sufficient group (≥ 20 ng/mL) as a reference, the vitamin D-deficiency group (< 12 ng/mL) was associated with a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease, with a 1.25-fold increased risk after adjusting for all potential confounders [OR: 2.25 (1.33, 3.79), p = 0.0023]. Stratification analysis showed that the association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of cardiovascular disease was particularly significant in women [OR: 4.32 (1.54, 12.12), p = 0.0055], older adults [OR: 4.14 (1.10, 15.56), p = 0.0355], normal-weight [OR: 4.09 (1.51, 11.10), p = 0.0056] and obese subjects [OR: 3.66 (1.03, 13.05), p = 0.0453]. Vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity [OR: 1.57 (1.10, 2.24), p = 0.0134], hypertension [OR: 1.81 (1.30, 2.51), p = 0.0004], hypertriglyceridemia [OR: 1.56 (1.12, 2.16), p = 0.0078] and reduced HDL-C [OR: 1.67 (1.19, 2.35), p = 0.0033]. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly negatively associated with CVD in T2DM patients and vitamin D deficiency was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight/obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia.
糖尿病患者中25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）状态与心血管疾病（CVD）之间的关系仍有待阐明。本研究旨在探讨中国2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者中25(OH)D与CVD及心血管代谢危险因素之间的关联。本横断面研究纳入了1378例住院的T2DM患者。根据血清25(OH)D水平将参与者分为三组：维生素D充足、维生素D不足和维生素D缺乏。进行多因素逻辑回归分析、分层分析和交互分析以确定血清25(OH)D水平与CVD结局之间的关系。在调整混杂因素后，2型糖尿病患者的血清25(OH)D水平与心血管疾病显著负相关[比值比（OR）：0.97（0.94，0.99），p = 0.0131]。以维生素D充足组（≥20 ng/mL）为参照，维生素D缺乏组（<12 ng/mL）与心血管疾病风险显著升高相关，在调整所有潜在混杂因素后风险增加1.25倍[OR：2.25（1.33，3.79），p = 0.0023]。分层分析显示，维生素D缺乏与心血管疾病风险增加之间的关联在女性[OR：4.32（1.54，12.12），p = 0.0055]、老年人[OR：4.14（1.10，15.56），p = 0.0355]、正常体重者[OR：4.09（1.51，11.10），p = 0.0056]和肥胖受试者[OR：3.66（1.03，13.05），p = 0.0453]中尤为显著。维生素D缺乏与超重/肥胖风险增加[OR：1.57（1.10，2.24），p = 0.0134]、高血压[OR：1.81（1.30，2.51），p = 0.0004]、高甘油三酯血症[OR：1.56（1.12，2.16），p = 0.0078]及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低[OR：1.67（1.19，2.35），p = 0.0033]显著相关。T2DM患者的血清25(OH)D水平与CVD显著负相关，且维生素D缺乏与超重/肥胖、高血压和血脂异常风险增加显著相关。
