Mathew O P, Clark M L, Pronske M L, Luna-Solarzano H G, Peterson M D
J Pediatr. 1985 May;106(5):810-3. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(85)80363-2.
The effect of oral feeding on breathing pattern and ventilation was studied in 19 healthy term neonates in the semiupright supine position. Ventilation was measured with a nasal flowmeter, and sucking pressure via a modified nipple that permitted milk delivery. The feeding pattern in these infants consisted of an initial period of continuous sucking followed by intermittent sucking for the remainder of the feed. A significant reduction in minute ventilation (P less than 0.01) was observed during continuous sucking, and resulted entirely from a reduction in breathing frequency (P less than 0.01). Tidal volume did not change (P greater than 0.05), but prolongation of expiration (P less than 0.01) and shortening of inspiration (P less than 0.05) were also observed. During intermittent sucking, the minute ventilation was similar to that of the control period. However, smaller but significant changes in breathing frequency and in duration of inspiration and expiration persisted during intermittent sucking. Our results document a significant reduction in ventilation during the initial part of oral feeding in term neonates, and subsequent recovery with continued feeding. Depending on the magnitude of this reduction in ventilation, cyanosis and bradycardia may develop in some infants during oral feeding.
对19名半卧位仰卧的健康足月儿进行了经口喂养对呼吸模式和通气影响的研究。通过鼻流量计测量通气量，并通过改良乳头测量吸吮压力，该乳头可输送乳汁。这些婴儿的喂养模式包括开始时持续吸吮一段时间，然后在剩余的喂养过程中间歇性吸吮。在持续吸吮期间，观察到分钟通气量显著降低（P<0.01），这完全是由于呼吸频率降低（P<0.01）所致。潮气量没有变化（P>0.05），但呼气延长（P<0.01）和吸气缩短（P<0.05）也被观察到。在间歇性吸吮期间，分钟通气量与对照期相似。然而，在间歇性吸吮期间，呼吸频率以及吸气和呼气持续时间仍存在较小但显著的变化。我们的研究结果表明，足月儿经口喂养开始阶段通气量显著降低，随后随着喂养的持续而恢复。根据通气量降低的程度，一些婴儿在经口喂养期间可能会出现青紫和心动过缓。
