Searchfield Grant D, Sanders Philip J, Barde Amit
School of Population Health, Faculty of medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Eisdell Moore Centre, School of Population Health, Faculty of medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
J R Soc N Z. 2024 May 1;55(3):501-519. doi: 10.1080/03036758.2024.2344781. eCollection 2025.
Tinnitus spatial localisation is an essential attribute of tinnitus perception and how it is separated from other ongoing neural activity. A scoping review was undertaken to determine how tinnitus localisation is reported, the role of the perceived spatial location of tinnitus on neurophysiology and if sound presented spatially can change tinnitus perception. Following reading of the full-text articles and including articles from reference lists, 46 articles were included for review. Six themes emerged from the results. 1. Where tinnitus was localised. 2. The effects of tinnitus on localisation. 3. The mechanisms underpinning tinnitus spatial location. 4. Masking. 5. Auditory training. 6. Multisensory training and virtual reality (VR). Tinnitus is much more complex than the often-used description of 'ringing in the ears'. Tinnitus can be heard anywhere in and around the head. Spatial sound presentation and perceptual training approaches may disrupt spatial selective attention to tinnitus and appear as changes in some of the neural networks involved in sound localisation. Where tinnitus is heard is a critical aspect of its perception, but its report, even in studies purporting to study localisation, is too general. A matrix for standardised minimum reporting of tinnitus location is recommended.
耳鸣的空间定位是耳鸣感知的一个基本属性，以及它如何与其他正在进行的神经活动区分开来。进行了一项范围综述，以确定耳鸣定位是如何被报告的，耳鸣感知到的空间位置在神经生理学上的作用，以及空间呈现的声音是否会改变耳鸣感知。在阅读全文文章并纳入参考文献列表中的文章后，共纳入46篇文章进行综述。结果出现了六个主题。1. 耳鸣的定位位置。2. 耳鸣对定位的影响。3. 支撑耳鸣空间位置的机制。4. 掩蔽。5. 听觉训练。6. 多感官训练和虚拟现实（VR）。耳鸣比常用的“耳鸣”描述要复杂得多。耳鸣可以在头部内部和周围的任何地方听到。空间声音呈现和感知训练方法可能会扰乱对耳鸣的空间选择性注意，并表现为参与声音定位的一些神经网络的变化。耳鸣的听闻位置是其感知的一个关键方面，但其报告，即使在声称研究定位的研究中，也过于笼统。建议制定一个标准化的耳鸣位置最低报告矩阵。
