Neumann Christian, Hartung Tim J, Boje Klara, Bahmer Thomas, Keil Julian, Lieb Wolfgang, Franzpoetter Katrin, Welzel Julius, Chaplinskaya-Sobol Irina, Endres Matthias, Geritz Johanna, Haeusler Karl Georg, Heuschmann Peter, Hinz Andreas, Hopff Sina, Horn Anna, Nuernberger Carolin, Schmidbauer Lena, Krawczak Michael, Ruß Anne-Kathrin, Krist Lilian, Keil Thomas, Kudelka Jennifer, Maetzler Corina, Mehnert-Theuerkauf Anja, Montellano Felipe A, Morbach Caroline, Schmidt Sein, Heyckendorf Jan, Steigerwald Flo, Stoerk Stefan, Lemhoefer Christina, Schreiber Stefan, Finke Carsten, Maetzler Walter
Neurology Department, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Bonhoefferweg 3, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 26;15(1):6833. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-91388-z.
Long-term changes in health-related quality of life (HrQoL) after SARS-CoV-2 infection are common, but their causes and consequences are poorly understood. This prospective, population-based study examined associations between HrQoL and 49 demographic and clinical variables. HrQoL was assessed using the European Quality-of-Life-5-Dimensions-5-Level-Version in 3,475 participants (56% female; aged 18-88 years) approximately 9 months (baseline) and 26 months (follow-up) after their initial infection. Results were compared with the demographic and clinical variables using recursive feature elimination and random forest regression analyses. A statistically significant improvement in HrQoL was observed during the observation period. At baseline, 39% of the variance in HrQoL was explained by fatigue, muscle pain, number of remaining symptoms (RS), perceived stress, and age. At follow-up, fatigue, RS, perceived stress, muscle and joint pain, and age explained 54% of the variance in HrQoL. Changes in HrQoL were associated with changes in fatigue, RS, and perceived stress, meaning that if these decreased from baseline to follow-up, then HrQoL was improved. However, it was not possible to predict whether an individual's HrQoL would improve or worsen 1 year later based on baseline variable scores. The aforementioned symptoms are specifically associated with impairment in the population's usual activities.
新型冠状病毒感染后健康相关生活质量（HrQoL）的长期变化很常见，但其原因和后果尚不清楚。这项基于人群的前瞻性研究调查了HrQoL与49个人口统计学和临床变量之间的关联。在3475名参与者（56%为女性；年龄在18 - 88岁之间）初次感染后约9个月（基线）和26个月（随访）时，使用欧洲生活质量五维度五级量表对HrQoL进行评估。使用递归特征消除和随机森林回归分析将结果与人口统计学和临床变量进行比较。在观察期内观察到HrQoL有统计学意义的改善。在基线时，HrQoL变异的39%由疲劳、肌肉疼痛、剩余症状数量（RS）、感知压力和年龄解释。在随访时，疲劳、RS、感知压力、肌肉和关节疼痛以及年龄解释了HrQoL变异的54%。HrQoL的变化与疲劳、RS和感知压力的变化相关，这意味着如果这些指标从基线到随访有所下降，那么HrQoL就会得到改善。然而，根据基线变量得分无法预测个体的HrQoL在1年后会改善还是恶化。上述症状与人群日常活动受损特别相关。
