Śliwka Jadwiga, Wasilewicz-Flis Iwona, Jakuczun Henryka, Janiszewska Marta, Smyda-Dajmund Paulina, McLean Karen, Zimnoch-Guzowska Ewa, Bryan Glenn J, Sharma Sanjeev Kumar
Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - National Research Institute in Radzików, Młochów Division, Platanowa St. 19, 05-831, Młochów, Poland.
Cell and Molecular Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
Planta. 2025 Feb 27;261(4):69. doi: 10.1007/s00425-025-04618-z.
Using a diploid potato diversity panel of 246 breeding lines, a genotyping-by-sequencing and a GWAS approach, we mapped QTL for ten traits important to potato breeders, including two previously unmapped traits: boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility. Potato breeding at the diploid level has a long history and has gained new impetus recently, when F1 hybrid breeding was made possible with the discovery of a dominant gene for self-compatibility. Our study deploys a unique diploid diversity panel with a broadened cultivated potato gene pool obtained as a result of introgressing valuable traits from wild potato relatives into the Solanum tuberosum background. Using historical phenotyping data collected between 1979 and 2017 for 246 diploid potato clones and high-density genotyping-by-sequencing, we mapped quantitative trait loci (QTL) for tuber yield, mean tuber weight, tuber shape and regularity, tuber eye depth, purple tuber skin colour, flesh colour, tuber starch content, boiled tuber taste (flavour) and pollen fertility. We found some QTL located in genomic regions described in earlier studies, e.g. the QTL for the tuber flesh colour on chromosome 3 overlapping with the location of beta-carotene hydroxylase gene. We identified novel QTL for mean tuber weight on chromosomes 8, 9 and 11 and for purple tuber skin colour on chromosomes 6, 7 and 8. QTL for boiled tuber taste and pollen fertility estimated by Lactofuchsin staining have not been mapped before. We found two regions on chromosome 10 affecting the boiled tuber taste, and QTL on chromosomes 2, 4, 5, 6, 9, and 12 for pollen fertility. Considering the increased interest in diploid hybrid potato breeding, the results presented here hold greater relevance and provide novel targets for potato breeding and research at the diploid level.
利用由246个育种系组成的二倍体马铃薯多样性群体、简化基因组测序基因分型和全基因组关联研究方法，我们定位了对马铃薯育种者来说很重要的10个性状的数量性状基因座（QTL），包括两个以前未定位的性状：煮后块茎口感和花粉育性。二倍体水平的马铃薯育种历史悠久，最近随着自交亲和性显性基因的发现使得F1杂交育种成为可能，该领域获得了新的发展动力。我们的研究部署了一个独特的二倍体多样性群体，其通过将野生马铃薯近缘种的有价值性状渗入到马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）背景中，获得了一个扩大的栽培马铃薯基因库。利用1979年至2017年间收集的246个二倍体马铃薯克隆的历史表型数据以及高密度简化基因组测序基因分型，我们定位了块茎产量、平均块茎重量、块茎形状和规整度、块茎芽眼深度、紫色块茎皮色、果肉颜色、块茎淀粉含量、煮后块茎口感（风味）和花粉育性的数量性状基因座。我们发现一些QTL位于早期研究中描述的基因组区域，例如3号染色体上块茎果肉颜色的QTL与β-胡萝卜素羟化酶基因的位置重叠。我们在8号、9号和11号染色体上鉴定出了平均块茎重量的新QTL，在6号、7号和8号染色体上鉴定出了紫色块茎皮色的新QTL。通过品红染色估计的煮后块茎口感和花粉育性的QTL以前尚未定位。我们在10号染色体上发现了两个影响煮后块茎口感的区域，在2号、4号、5号、6号、9号和12号染色体上发现了花粉育性的QTL。考虑到对二倍体杂交马铃薯育种的兴趣增加，本文给出的结果具有更大的相关性，并为二倍体水平的马铃薯育种和研究提供了新的目标。
