Gupta Aditya K, Wang Tong, Economopoulos Vasiliki
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto School of Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Mediprobe Research Inc., London, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 Feb 27;20(2):e0319040. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319040. eCollection 2025.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is extremely prevalent with a multifactorial etiology.
We conducted a cross-sectional study using the All of US (AoU) dataset Sept 2024 to better understand the epidemiology, social determinants and management of AGA.
Most males were 20-39 years old and females 60-69 years old. Men typically have an earlier onset of AGA than females. Male AGA is generally managed with finasteride; oral minoxidil is prescribed in younger males. Females are prescribed spironolactone and oral minoxidil with finasteride in post-menopausal females. There was very little dutasteride prescribed. Topical minoxidil is available over the counter and was not evaluated. Early in 2011 there were reports of the Post-Finasteride Syndrome (PFS); subsequently, the finasteride prescription rate fell to about 10-20% of the pre-PFS prescription rate. There was increased reporting for AGA in those who drink, have an annual household income ≥$75,000, and those with a higher level of education. There was also higher reporting of female AGA in those with anxiety and depression. Patients with higher income and education may have less pressing medical concerns enabling them to bring their AGA to the physician's attention. Females in whom the AGA affects their anxiety and depression may seek help for the AGA as a way to address their underlying disorder.
This study provides a snapshot of the epidemiology and management of AGA in the USA. AGA is linked to the social determinants of health; addressing the AGA may help better manage the underlying mental and physical state.
雄激素性脱发（AGA）极为常见，病因是多因素的。
我们使用2024年9月的美国全人群（AoU）数据集进行了一项横断面研究，以更好地了解AGA的流行病学、社会决定因素和管理情况。
大多数男性年龄在20 - 39岁之间，女性年龄在60 - 69岁之间。男性AGA的发病通常比女性更早。男性AGA一般用非那雄胺治疗；年轻男性会开具口服米诺地尔。女性会开具螺内酯，绝经后女性会开具口服米诺地尔和非那雄胺。度他雄胺的处方量极少。外用米诺地尔可在柜台购买，本研究未对其进行评估。2011年初有关于非那雄胺后综合征（PFS）的报道；随后，非那雄胺的处方率降至PFS前处方率的约10% - 20%。饮酒者、家庭年收入≥75,000美元者以及受教育程度较高者中AGA的报告率有所增加。焦虑和抑郁患者中女性AGA的报告率也较高。收入和教育水平较高的患者可能医疗问题不那么紧迫，从而能够让医生关注到他们的AGA。AGA影响焦虑和抑郁的女性可能会因AGA寻求帮助，作为解决其潜在疾病的一种方式。
本研究提供了美国AGA流行病学和管理情况的概况。AGA与健康的社会决定因素相关；解决AGA问题可能有助于更好地管理潜在的心理和身体状态。
