大流行会影响食物选择动机、饮食和健康行为吗？来自巴基斯坦在新冠疫情期间的一项横断面调查的证据。

Do pandemics influence food choice motives, diet, and health behaviors? Evidence from a cross-sectional survey in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

作者信息

Khan Rida, Tanweer Afifa, Iqbal Sanaullah

机构信息

Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.

出版信息

BMC Nutr. 2025 Feb 28;11(1):46. doi: 10.1186/s40795-024-00959-2.

DOI:10.1186/s40795-024-00959-2

PMID:40022211

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11869401/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

COVID-19 has significantly impacted the health and well-being of individuals by influencing their diet and lifestyle. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the dietary and health practices pre- and post-COVID-19 infection and to study the association of changes in dietary and health practices with the change in food choice motives.

METHODS

An online cross-sectional survey was conducted, and retrospective data was gathered from 259 recovered cases of COVID-19 aged 18-50 years in Pakistan. The survey questionnaire included socio-demographic information, adherence to Pakistan dietary guidelines, Breslow's health practices, and food choice motives. Shapiro-Wilk test was used to analyze the normality of data. McNemar's test and Wilcoxon sign ranked test were used to determine the change in the dietary practices, health practices, and food choice motives scores pre- and post-COVID-19 infection. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to study the relation between the changes in dietary practices, health practices, and food choice motives.

RESULTS

Dietary practices improved (mean ± SD: 0.17 ± 1.56), and health practices deteriorated (mean ± SD: -0.18 ± 1.36) after COVID-19 infection. The importance of convenience, health, mood, natural content, weight control, familiarity, and ethical concerns while choosing food increased after suffering from COVID-19. Improvement in dietary practices was correlated with health practices (r = 0.32), convenience (r = 0.15), health concern (r = 0.16), mood (r = 0.18), and natural content of food (r = 0.15). Changes in dietary practices were found to be negatively associated (p = 0.043, B=-0.145) with the price of food.

CONCLUSION

We conclude that the food choice motives of the Pakistani population changed during COVID-19. This change in food choice motives was found to be related to dietary and health practices.

摘要

背景

新冠疫情通过影响个人饮食和生活方式，对其健康和幸福产生了重大影响。因此，本研究旨在比较新冠感染前后的饮食和健康习惯，并研究饮食和健康习惯的变化与食物选择动机变化之间的关联。

方法

开展了一项在线横断面调查，收集了巴基斯坦259例年龄在18至50岁之间的新冠康复病例的回顾性数据。调查问卷包括社会人口统计学信息、对巴基斯坦饮食指南的遵守情况、布雷斯洛健康习惯以及食物选择动机。采用夏皮罗-威尔克检验分析数据的正态性。使用麦克尼马尔检验和威尔科克森符号秩检验来确定新冠感染前后饮食行为、健康行为和食物选择动机得分的变化。采用斯皮尔曼相关性分析和多元线性回归来研究饮食行为、健康行为和食物选择动机变化之间的关系。

结果

新冠感染后，饮食行为有所改善（均值±标准差：0.17±1.56），而健康行为则有所恶化（均值±标准差：-0.18±1.36）。感染新冠后，在选择食物时，便利性、健康、情绪、天然成分、体重控制、熟悉程度和道德考量等因素的重要性增加。饮食行为的改善与健康行为（r = 0.32）、便利性（r = 0.15）、健康关注度（r = 0.16）、情绪（r = 0.18）和食物的天然成分（r = 0.15）相关。发现饮食行为的变化与食物价格呈负相关（p = 0.043，B = -0.145）。