Gómez-Ortiz Olga, Sánchez-Sánchez Carmen, Garcia Oscar F
Department of Psychology, University of Córdoba (Spain), Avda. San Alberto Magno S/N, Cordoba, 14004, Spain.
Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia (Spain), Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Mar 4;13(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02502-9.
Although there are different instruments that evaluate self-care, most of them have not been validated for use in the Spanish population or in the general adult population. Moreover, there is little evidence on its relationship with psychological and family adjustment. Therefore, the aims of this study were to: (1) validate the self-care scale for adults and (2) analyse its external validity, verifying its relationship with general psychological and family adjustment variables.
The sample was constituted by 971 parents (56.5% women) with children in early childhood (0-5 years) aged 23-58 years (M = 38.11). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, correlations and Student's t mean contrasts were carried out.
Good fit indices for the scale, which presented a bifactor structure composed of physical and psychological self-care. Both types of self-care were directly related to life satisfaction and positive affect; on the other hand, they were negatively related to parental stress, the presence of family-work conflict, and the guilt related to such conflict. The mothers reflected lower levels of psychological self-care.
The developed questionnaire is a valid instrument that can be useful in the measurement of self-care in adults and particularly in parents of young children. It is highlighted the need to design initiatives that improve parental well-being through the study construct.
尽管有不同的工具用于评估自我护理，但大多数工具尚未在西班牙人群或一般成年人群中得到验证。此外，关于其与心理和家庭适应的关系的证据很少。因此，本研究的目的是：（1）验证成人自我护理量表；（2）分析其外部效度，验证其与一般心理和家庭适应变量的关系。
样本由971名有0至5岁幼儿的父母组成（女性占56.5%），年龄在23至58岁之间（M = 38.11）。进行了探索性和验证性因素分析、相关性分析以及学生t均值对比。
该量表具有良好的拟合指数，呈现出由身体和心理自我护理组成的双因素结构。两种类型的自我护理都与生活满意度和积极情绪直接相关；另一方面，它们与父母压力、家庭工作冲突的存在以及与这种冲突相关的内疚感呈负相关。母亲们的心理自我护理水平较低。
所开发的问卷是一种有效的工具，可用于测量成年人尤其是幼儿父母的自我护理。强调了通过研究构建设计改善父母幸福感的举措的必要性。
