Clifford Pedersen Oliver
Institut de psychologie et éducation, University of Neuchâtel and nccr - on the move, Neuchatel, Switzerland.
Cult Psychol. 2025 Mar;31(1):96-115. doi: 10.1177/1354067X231204298. Epub 2023 Oct 12.
Einar, a 94-year-old Faroese man who has always resided on the island of Suðuroy, has lived through several societal crises. In this article, I explore his experiences of living through three of them, highlighting his ability to maintain an imagination of in the future and detailing how crises interact over time. I propose that Einar's upbringing in the cycles of crisis characterising fishery, combined with other factors, led him to develop a particular engagement with the future that mitigated crisis-induced uncertainties. Previous crises served as resources to address current calamities, as such experiences taught Einar that, in even the direst situations, the future will eventually improve. However, Einar temporarily sight of the future when the Faroese fishery industry imploded in the 1990s. Einar questioned whether sufficient resources existed to allow him and the village to recover. The 1990s crisis momentarily gained a personal character; however, due to his age, stable socioeconomic position, and close social and affective ties to the people on Suðuroy, he reaffirmed his decision to stay on the island. Einar's story showcases the importance of considering people's experiences and unique positions amidst societal crises-be they temporary, slow, recurrent, or chronic, but also of studying experiences of time. Numerous factors constitute the membrane regulating when societal crises become personal. Crises cannot be understood as singular or isolated events. Instead, crises must be comprehended through their cumulations and entanglements, which involve people's imagination of the future in unpredictable ways.
埃纳尔是一位94岁的法罗群岛男子,一直居住在苏德罗伊岛,他经历过几次社会危机。在本文中,我探讨了他经历其中三次危机的体验,强调了他对未来保持想象的能力,并详细说明了危机如何随时间相互作用。我认为,埃纳尔在以渔业为特征的危机循环中的成长经历,与其他因素相结合,使他对未来产生了一种特殊的关注,从而减轻了危机引发的不确定性。以前的危机成为应对当前灾难的资源,因为这些经历让埃纳尔明白,即使在最严峻的情况下,未来最终也会改善。然而,20世纪90年代法罗群岛渔业崩溃时,埃纳尔暂时看不到未来了。他质疑是否有足够的资源让他和村庄恢复元气。20世纪90年代的危机暂时具有了个人性质;然而,由于他的年龄、稳定的社会经济地位以及与苏德罗伊岛上居民紧密的社会和情感联系,他重申了留在岛上的决定。埃纳尔的故事展示了在社会危机中考虑人们的经历和独特处境的重要性——无论这些危机是暂时的、缓慢的、反复出现的还是长期的,同时也展示了研究时间体验的重要性。许多因素构成了调节社会危机何时变为个人危机的屏障。危机不能被理解为单一或孤立的事件。相反,危机必须通过它们的累积和纠缠来理解,而这以不可预测的方式涉及人们对未来的想象。