Zhang Yuxin, Peng Jun, Wang Ziwei, Zhou Fang, Yu Junxia, Chi Ruan, Xiao Chunqiao
Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-Based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum and Chemical Industry, Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Feb 18;16:1529784. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1529784. eCollection 2025.
Phosphate mining wasteland is contaminated with heavy metals, such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), which pose significant environmental risks. Ecological restoration of these lands is crucial, but limited research has focused on the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils using modified biochar and functional microorganisms.
In this study, we investigated the bioremediation of phosphate mining wasteland soil using modified biochar in combination with the phosphate-solubilizing bacterium . The effects of this synergistic approach on soil nutrient content, heavy metal immobilization, and microbial community structure were assessed.
The results indicated that the available phosphate content in the soil increased by 59.32%. The content of extractable state Pb and Cd decreased by 65.06 and 71.26%, respectively. And the soil nutrient conditions were significantly improved. Synergistic remediation can significantly increase the diversity and abundance of soil microbial communities ( < 0.05). , , , , and were the main functional flora during soil remediation, with significant correlations for the promotion of Pb and Cd immobilization and the increase of available phosphate and organic matter. , , , and are the major heavy metal resistance genes and regulate metabolic pathways to make microbial community function more stable after soil remediation in phosphate mining wasteland.
磷矿开采荒地被铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）等重金属污染，这些重金属带来重大环境风险。对这些土地进行生态修复至关重要，但利用改性生物炭和功能微生物修复重金属污染土壤的研究有限。
在本研究中，我们研究了使用改性生物炭结合解磷细菌对磷矿开采荒地土壤进行生物修复。评估了这种协同方法对土壤养分含量、重金属固定和微生物群落结构的影响。
结果表明，土壤中有效磷含量增加了59.32%。可提取态铅和镉的含量分别下降了65.06%和71.26%。并且土壤养分状况得到显著改善。协同修复可显著增加土壤微生物群落的多样性和丰度（P<0.05）。芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、伯克氏菌属、贪铜菌属和鞘氨醇单胞菌属是土壤修复过程中的主要功能菌群，与促进铅和镉的固定以及有效磷和有机质的增加具有显著相关性。重金属抗性基因czcA、cadA、merA、copA和chrA是主要的重金属抗性基因，调节代谢途径以使磷矿开采荒地土壤修复后微生物群落功能更稳定。
