Inoue Akiomi, Eguchi Hisashi, Kachi Yuko, Dollard Maureen F, Tsutsumi Akizumi
Institutional Research Center, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Am J Ind Med. 2025 May;68(5):439-449. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23715. Epub 2025 Mar 5.
Short measurement scales are increasingly sought-after for reasons of efficiency and survey fatigue. A short four-item measure of an organization's climate for employee psychological health, the psychosocial safety climate (PSC-4), has gained international usage. However, the psychometric properties of its Japanese version (PSC-4J) are unknown. We examined the reliability and validity of the PSC-4J.
An online survey containing the Japanese 12-item PSC scale (PSC-12J), from which the PSC-4J derived, and relevant variables (job demands, job resources, and outcomes) was administered to 2200 employees registered with a Japanese online survey provider. Two weeks later, the PSC-12J was measured again with a follow-up survey of 1400 respondents. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were examined by Cronbach's α and intraclass correlation (ICC). Agreement between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was examined by Spearman's correlation. Structural validity was examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) analysis. Convergent validity was examined by Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables, comparing these results with the PSC-12J.
Cronbach's α and ICC for PSC-4J were 0.91 and 0.68, respectively. Spearman's correlation between PSC-4J and PSC-12J was 0.97. The CFA assuming a one-factor structure showed good model fit. The IRT analysis indicated each PSC-4J item had very high discrimination and appropriate difficulty. Spearman's correlations of PSC-4J with relevant variables were slightly lower than for PSC-12J but in the theoretically expected direction.
The PSC-4J, while slightly inferior to the PSC-12J in psychometric properties, provides comparable measurements with fewer items while maintaining adequate reliability and validity.
由于效率和调查疲劳等原因，简短的测量量表越来越受到青睐。一种用于衡量组织员工心理健康氛围的简短的四项量表——心理社会安全氛围量表（PSC - 4）已在国际上得到应用。然而，其日文版（PSC - 4J）的心理测量特性尚不清楚。我们对PSC - 4J的信度和效度进行了检验。
对在一家日本在线调查机构注册的2200名员工进行了一项在线调查，该调查包含从中衍生出PSC - 4J的12项日文PSC量表（PSC - 12J）以及相关变量（工作需求、工作资源和结果）。两周后，对1400名受访者进行随访调查，再次测量PSC - 12J。通过Cronbach's α系数和组内相关系数（ICC）检验内部一致性和重测信度。通过Spearman相关性检验PSC - 4J与PSC - 12J之间的一致性。通过验证性因素分析（CFA）和项目反应理论（IRT）分析检验结构效度。通过PSC - 4J与相关变量的Spearman相关性检验收敛效度，并将这些结果与PSC - 12J进行比较。
PSC - 4J的Cronbach's α系数和ICC分别为0.91和0.68。PSC - 4J与PSC - 12J之间的Spearman相关性为0.97。假设单因素结构的CFA显示出良好的模型拟合。IRT分析表明，PSC - 4J的每个项目都具有很高的区分度和适当的难度。PSC - 4J与相关变量的Spearman相关性略低于PSC - 12J，但在理论预期方向上。
PSC - 4J虽然在心理测量特性上略逊于PSC - 12J，但在项目数量较少的情况下提供了可比的测量结果，同时保持了足够的信度和效度。
