Yousef Iyad A, Kayed Mahmoud W, Liftawi Sana M
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine.
Front Psychol. 2025 Feb 19;16:1545018. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1545018. eCollection 2025.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the impact of foreign players' participation in the Palestinian Basketball League on team cohesion from the perspective of local players.
Using a descriptive-analytical method, the researchers developed a cohesion measurement tool with three dimensions: psychological, social, and team belonging. The tool comprised 30 items, equally distributed across the dimensions, based on player status, experience, and position. The study surveyed 84 players aged between 18 and 38 in the Palestinian Basketball League.
The findings revealed that cohesion was rated as moderate (mean = 3.32), with higher scores in team affiliation (3.50) compared to psychological cohesion (3.21). Experience-based differences showed that players with less than 5 years and more than 10 years of experience exhibited higher cohesion levels compared to those with 6-10 years. Positional differences favored forwards and guards. Regarding player status, reserve players demonstrated higher cohesion in the psychological and team belonging dimensions, although no significant differences were found in the social dimension.
The study concludes that foreign players have a positive impact on team cohesion, and it was rated as moderate with higher scores in team affiliation compared to psychological cohesion. The researchers recommend careful selection of foreign players to enhance team cohesion and stability. This study contributes to the understanding of foreign players' role in fostering team dynamics and performance in the Palestinian Basketball League, expanding the literature on the topic. This study is original and valuable, as there has been almost no previous research that has measured and evaluated the impact of foreign players' participation in the Palestinian basketball league on team cohesion from the perspective of local players.
本文旨在从本土球员的角度评估外国球员参与巴勒斯坦篮球联赛对球队凝聚力的影响。
研究人员采用描述性分析方法，开发了一种具有心理、社会和团队归属感三个维度的凝聚力测量工具。该工具包含30个项目，根据球员的地位、经验和位置在各维度上平均分布。该研究对巴勒斯坦篮球联赛中84名年龄在18至38岁之间的球员进行了调查。
研究结果显示，凝聚力被评为中等水平（均值 = 3.32），团队归属感得分（3.50）高于心理凝聚力得分（3.21）。基于经验的差异表明，经验少于5年和超过10年的球员比有6至10年经验的球员表现出更高的凝聚力水平。位置差异有利于前锋和后卫。就球员地位而言，替补球员在心理和团队归属感维度上表现出更高的凝聚力，尽管在社会维度上未发现显著差异。
该研究得出结论，外国球员对球队凝聚力有积极影响，凝聚力被评为中等水平，团队归属感得分高于心理凝聚力。研究人员建议谨慎挑选外国球员以增强球队凝聚力和稳定性。本研究有助于理解外国球员在巴勒斯坦篮球联赛中促进球队动态和表现方面的作用，拓展了关于该主题的文献。本研究具有原创性和价值，因为此前几乎没有研究从本土球员的角度测量和评估外国球员参与巴勒斯坦篮球联赛对球队凝聚力的影响。
