Picinini Filippo, Della Villa Francesco, Tallent Jamie, Patterson Stephen David, Galassi Lorenzo, Parigino Matteo, La Rosa Giovanni, Nanni Gianni, Olmo Jesus, Stride Matthew, Aggio Fabrizio, Buckthorpe Matthew
Education and Research Department, Isokinetic Medical Group, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, Bologna, Italy.
Faculty of Sport, Technology and Health Sciences, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London, UK.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2025 Mar 4;13(3):23259671251320093. doi: 10.1177/23259671251320093. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Despite published guidelines describing on-field rehabilitation (OFR) frameworks for soccer, available evidence for practitioners who work with players with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is limited.
To document the activity and workloads completed by a large cohort of amateur and professional soccer players during OFR following ACLR after completing their indoor rehabilitation and to establish their return to competition (RTC) outcomes.
Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
OFR measurements/activities, global positioning system (GPS), and heart rate data were collected from 100 male 11-a-side soccer players with ACLR undergoing a criteria-based rehabilitation process, concluding with a 5-stage OFR program. Consent was obtained directly from the players involved in this study before completing a follow-up questionnaire to document RTC outcomes. Differences between the level of play (professional and amateur) and 5 OFR stages were investigated using separate linear mixed models.
A minimum 9-month follow-up was possible for 97 players (97%), with a median time of 2.3 years after ACLR and 84% RTC, with higher rates in professionals (100%) than amateurs (80%). Ten (10%) players sustained an ACL reinjury. Professionals completed more OFR sessions (20.6 ± 7.7 vs 13.2 ± 7.7; < .001) over a shorter period (44.7 ± 30.3 vs 59.3 ± 28.5 days; = .044) and achieved higher workloads mostly in the high-intensity GPS metrics in each OFR stage. Typical external workload outputs in the final OFR stage aligned with team training demands for the total distance (TD) (106%), high-intensity distance (HID) (104%), peak speed (PS) (88%), acceleration distance (ACC) (110%), and deceleration distance (DEC) (48%), but they were lower compared with match play demands (TD: 44%; HID: 51%; PS: 82%; ACC: 63%; and DEC: 26%).
High RTC rates were reported in those players who participated in OFR after indoor rehabilitation. Completion of all five OFR stages almost prepared them for team training demands; however, workloads remain low compared to match play.
尽管已发布有关足球现场康复（OFR）框架的指南，但对于从事前交叉韧带重建（ACLR）球员工作的从业者而言，可用证据有限。
记录大量业余和职业足球运动员在完成室内康复后进行ACLR后的OFR期间所完成的活动和工作量，并确定他们的重返比赛（RTC）结果。
病例系列；证据等级，4级。
从100名接受基于标准康复过程的ACLR的男性11人制足球运动员中收集OFR测量/活动、全球定位系统（GPS）和心率数据，最后采用5阶段OFR计划。在完成一份后续问卷以记录RTC结果之前，直接从参与本研究的球员那里获得了同意。使用单独的线性混合模型研究比赛水平（职业和业余）与5个OFR阶段之间的差异。
97名球员（97%）至少进行了9个月的随访，ACLR后中位时间为2.3年，RTC率为84%，职业球员（100%）的RTC率高于业余球员（80%）。10名（10%）球员发生了ACL再损伤。职业球员在更短的时间内完成了更多的OFR课程（20.6±7.7对13.2±7.7；P<.001）（44.7±30.3对59.3±28.5天；P=.044），并且在每个OFR阶段的高强度GPS指标中大多实现了更高的工作量。在最终OFR阶段的典型外部工作量输出与团队训练对总距离（TD）（106%）、高强度距离（HID）（104%）、峰值速度（PS）（88%）、加速距离（ACC）（110%）和减速距离（DEC）（48%）的要求一致，但与比赛要求相比更低（TD：44%；HID：51%；PS：82%；ACC：63%；DEC：26%）。
那些在室内康复后参加OFR的球员报告了较高的RTC率。完成所有五个OFR阶段几乎使他们为团队训练要求做好了准备；然而，与比赛相比，工作量仍然较低。
