Chen Wang, Huang Yurong, Li Wenlong, Fan Gao, Tang Yanfang, Zhao Weiru, Chen Kexin, Chen Zifan, Zhou Keyue, Li Zhaoyao, Zhang Huihua
School of Animal Science and Technology, Foshan University, No. 33 Guangyun Road, Shishan Town, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China.
Wen's Food Group, No. 9, North Dongdi Road, Xincheng Town, Yunfu, Guangdong 527400, China.
Poult Sci. 2025 Apr;104(4):104983. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2025.104983. Epub 2025 Mar 4.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with pomegranate peel powder (PP) on the growth performance, serum biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and duodenal mucosal metabolites of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 360 yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into three groups, with their diets supplemented with different levels of PP (0, 1, and 4 g/kg) for 42 days. Dietary supplementation with PP significantly increased the average body weight and average daily gain of yellow-feathered broilers during the periods of 1-21 and 22-42 days, while reducing the feed conversion ratio (p < 0.05). It also decreased the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, and uric acid, increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, and reduced malondialdehyde content in the serum, liver, and intestinal mucosa (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PP supplementation promoted the mRNA expression of farnesoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, fatty acid-binding protein 4, epidermal growth factor/epidermal growth factor receptor, and B-cell lymphoma 2, while decreasing the mRNA expression of caspase-1 and interleukin-1 beta (p < 0.05). Regarding mucosal metabolites, PP supplementation increased the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (cis-11-eicosenoic acid, cis-13,16-docosadienoic acid, and cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid), prostaglandin E2/G2, and secondary bile acids (apocholic, hyodeoxycholic, 7-ketodeoxycholic, and omega-muricholic acids) in the mucosa (p < 0.05). In terms of cecal microbiota, PP supplementation increased the β-diversity index (p < 0.05), elevated the relative abundances of Bacteroidota, Alistipes, Bacilli, and Actinobacteriota, and reduced the relative abundances of Clostridia and Gammaproteobacteria (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of PP can improve intestinal health and growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers by regulating the composition of the gut microbiota.
本研究旨在探讨日粮中添加石榴皮粉（PP）对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力、肠道微生物群以及十二指肠黏膜代谢产物的影响。将360只黄羽肉鸡随机分为三组，在其日粮中添加不同水平的PP（0、1和4 g/kg），持续42天。日粮中添加PP显著提高了黄羽肉鸡在1 - 21天和22 - 42天期间的平均体重和平均日增重，同时降低了料重比（p < 0.05）。它还降低了血清中天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、肌酐和尿酸水平，提高了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶的活性，并降低了血清、肝脏和肠黏膜中的丙二醛含量（p < 0.05）。此外，添加PP促进了法尼醇X受体、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α、脂肪酸结合蛋白4、表皮生长因子/表皮生长因子受体和B细胞淋巴瘤2的mRNA表达，同时降低了半胱天冬酶 - 1和白细胞介素 - 1β的mRNA表达（p < 0.05）。关于黏膜代谢产物，添加PP增加了黏膜中多不饱和脂肪酸（顺式 - 11 - 二十碳烯酸、顺式 - 13,16 - 二十二碳二烯酸和顺式 - 11,14 - 二十碳二烯酸）、前列腺素E2/G2以及次级胆汁酸（鹅去氧胆酸、猪去氧胆酸、7 - 酮脱氧胆酸和ω - 鼠胆酸）的含量（p < 0.05）。在盲肠微生物群方面，添加PP增加了β - 多样性指数（p < 0.05），提高了拟杆菌门、阿利斯杆菌属、芽孢杆菌属和放线菌门的相对丰度，并降低了梭菌纲和γ - 变形菌门的相对丰度（p < 0.05）。总之，日粮中添加PP可通过调节肠道微生物群的组成来改善黄羽肉鸡的肠道健康和生长性能。
