Cotugno Sergio, De Vita Elda, Frallonardo Luisa, Novara Roberta, Papagni Roberta, Asaduzzaman Muhammad, Segala Francesco Vladimiro, Veronese Nicola, Nicastri Emanuele, Morea Anna, Farkas Ferenc Balázs, Lakatos Botond, Iatta Roberta, Putoto Giovanni, Saracino Annalisa, Di Gennaro Francesco
Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe‑J), Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Bari 'A. Moro', Polyclinic Hospital, Bari, Italy.
Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Ann Glob Health. 2025 Mar 6;91(1):12. doi: 10.5334/aogh.4628. eCollection 2025.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and migration are two interlinked issues and both pose an escalating threat to global health. With an increasing trend, there are 281 million migrants globally, while AMR is contributing to over 5 million deaths annually, with a projected rise to 10 million by 2050 if left unaddressed. Both AMR and migration are multifaceted problems that extend beyond human health, involving animals, plants, and the environment-a fact highlighted by the One Health approach. The aim of this work is: (1) to examine the complex relationship between migration and AMR, drawing on epidemiological data, surveillance strategies, and healthcare access challenges and (2) to address an interventional strategy proposal. We performed a narrative review of the most updated literature about migration and AMR using three primary databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Migrants, particularly from low‑ and middle‑income countries, represent a unique group at increased risk of AMR due to factors such as overcrowded living conditions, limited access to healthcare, uncontrolled use of antibiotics, and high prevalence of AMR in origin countries. Studies reveal higher rates of AMR colonization and infection among migrants compared with native populations, with specific pathogens such as MRSA and multidrug‑resistant gram‑negative bacteria posing significant risks. Migratory conditions, socioeconomic vulnerability, and healthcare barriers contribute to this heightened risk. To address the intersection of migration and AMR, interventions must focus on improving living conditions, enhancing healthcare access, promoting appropriate antibiotic use, and strengthening microbiological surveillance. Multisectoral collaboration is essential to mitigate the spread of AMR and safeguard both migrant and global public health.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）和移民是两个相互关联的问题，对全球健康构成了日益严重的威胁。全球移民数量呈上升趋势，目前全球有2.81亿移民，而AMR每年导致超过500万人死亡，如果不加以解决，预计到2050年将增至1000万。AMR和移民都是多方面的问题，不仅涉及人类健康，还包括动物、植物和环境——“同一健康”方法突出了这一事实。这项工作的目的是：（1）利用流行病学数据、监测策略和医疗保健获取方面的挑战，研究移民与AMR之间的复杂关系；（2）提出一项干预策略建议。我们使用三个主要数据库：PubMed、Scopus和Embase，对有关移民和AMR的最新文献进行了叙述性综述。移民，尤其是来自低收入和中等收入国家的移民，由于生活条件拥挤、医疗保健获取有限、抗生素使用不受控制以及原籍国AMR患病率高等因素，成为AMR风险增加的独特群体。研究表明，与本地人口相比，移民中AMR定植和感染率更高，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和多重耐药革兰氏阴性菌等特定病原体构成重大风险。移民条件、社会经济脆弱性和医疗保健障碍导致了这种风险的增加。为了解决移民与AMR的交叉问题，干预措施必须侧重于改善生活条件、增加医疗保健获取、促进抗生素的合理使用以及加强微生物监测。多部门合作对于减轻AMR的传播以及保障移民和全球公众健康至关重要。
