Pillow B H, Flavell J H
Child Dev. 1985 Jun;56(3):664-70.
Intellectual realism refers to the tendency of young children to indicate incorrectly all that is present in an object array when asked to indicate only what they can see of it from a particular perspective. 3 experiments tested and confirmed the hypotheses that children's interpretation of (a) pictorial conventions and of (b) the expression "look like" may increase this tendency. The results of this and other studies suggest that young children's difficulties with adult pictorial conventions, with the wording of task instructions, and with the concept of a momentary, view-determined appearance can all lead to intellectual realism errors.
智力现实主义是指幼儿在被要求仅从特定视角指出他们能看到的物体阵列中的所有东西时，会错误地指出该阵列中所有存在的东西的倾向。三项实验检验并证实了以下假设：儿童对（a）绘画惯例和（b）“看起来像”这一表述的理解可能会增加这种倾向。这项研究以及其他研究的结果表明，幼儿在理解成人绘画惯例、任务说明的措辞以及瞬间的、由视角决定的外观概念方面存在的困难，都可能导致智力现实主义错误。
