Fleet Andrew, Kaustov Lilia, Belfiore Elio Br, Kapralos Bill, Matava Clyde, Wiegelmann Julian, Giacobbe Peter, Alam Fahad
Department of Anesthesia, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
maxSIMhealth Group, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada.
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Mar 11;27:e62785. doi: 10.2196/62785.
The concept of immersive reality (IR), an umbrella term that encompasses virtual reality, augmented reality, and mixed reality, has been established within the health care realm as a potentially valuable tool with numerous applications in both medical education and patient care.
This review aimed to introduce anesthesiologists to the emerging and rapidly evolving literature on IR, its use in anesthesia education, and its transferability into the clinical context.
A review of the relevant literature was conducted using the PubMed database from inception to July 5, 2023. Additional references were identified from the reference lists of selected papers.
A total of 51 papers related to the use of IR in anesthesia medical education (including both technical and nontechnical skills) and 63 papers related to applications in clinical practice (eg, preprocedure planning, patient education, and pain management) were included. We present evidence supporting the use of IR in the training and clinical practice of modern anesthesiologists.
IR is useful for a variety of applications in anesthesia medical education and has potential advantages over existing simulation approaches. Similarly, IR has demonstrated potential improvements in patient care across several clinical contexts relevant to practicing anesthesiologists. However, many applications remain in the early stages of development, and robust trials are urgently needed to confirm clinical or educational effectiveness and to assess mechanisms, educational validity, and cost-effectiveness.
沉浸式现实（IR）这一概念涵盖虚拟现实、增强现实和混合现实，已在医疗保健领域确立为一种具有潜在价值的工具，在医学教育和患者护理中有众多应用。
本综述旨在向麻醉医生介绍有关IR的新兴且快速发展的文献、其在麻醉教育中的应用以及向临床环境的可转移性。
使用PubMed数据库对从起始到2023年7月5日的相关文献进行综述。从所选论文的参考文献列表中确定其他参考文献。
共纳入51篇与IR在麻醉医学教育（包括技术和非技术技能）中的应用相关的论文，以及63篇与临床实践应用（如术前规划、患者教育和疼痛管理）相关的论文。我们提供了支持IR在现代麻醉医生培训和临床实践中应用的证据。
IR在麻醉医学教育中有多种应用，且相对于现有的模拟方法具有潜在优势。同样，IR在与执业麻醉医生相关的多个临床环境中已显示出对患者护理的潜在改善。然而，许多应用仍处于开发的早期阶段，迫切需要进行有力的试验以确认临床或教育效果，并评估其机制、教育有效性和成本效益。
