Roy Bhaskar, Cao Kunfeng, Singh Chabungbam Orville, Fang Xiaodong, Yang Huanming, Wei Dong
Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Science, Hangzhou 310022, China.
BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China.
Cancer Biol Med. 2025 Mar 12;22(2):93-112. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2024.0263.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to global cancer-related mortality with increasing incidence rates in both developed and developing regions. Therefore, CRC presents a significant challenge to global health. The development of innovative tools for enhancing early CRC screening and diagnosis, along with novel treatments and therapies for improved management, remains an urgent necessity. CRC is intricately associated with the gut microbiota, which is integral to food digestion, nutrient generation, drug metabolism, metabolite production, immune enhancement, endocrine regulation, neurogenesis modulation, and the maintenance of physiologic and psychological equilibrium. Dysbiosis or imbalances in the gut microbiome have been implicated in various disorders, including CRC. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of the gut microbiome in CRC pathogenesis and treatment, which presents potential opportunities for early detection and diagnosis. Despite substantial advances in understanding the relationship between the gut microbiota and CRC, significant challenges persist. Gaining a deeper and more detailed understanding of the interactions between the human microbiota and cancer is essential to fully realize the potential of the microbiota in cancer management. Unlike genetic factors, the gut microbiome is subject to modification, offering a promising avenue for the development of CRC treatments and drug discovery. This review provides an overview of the interactions between the human gut microbiome and CRC, while examining prospects for precision management of CRC.
结直肠癌（CRC）是导致全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，在发达地区和发展中地区的发病率均呈上升趋势。因此，结直肠癌对全球健康构成了重大挑战。开发用于加强早期结直肠癌筛查和诊断的创新工具，以及用于改善治疗管理的新型治疗方法，仍然是当务之急。结直肠癌与肠道微生物群密切相关，肠道微生物群对于食物消化、营养生成、药物代谢、代谢产物产生、免疫增强、内分泌调节、神经发生调节以及生理和心理平衡的维持至关重要。肠道微生物群失调或失衡与包括结直肠癌在内的各种疾病有关。新出现的证据凸显了肠道微生物群在结直肠癌发病机制和治疗中的关键作用，这为早期检测和诊断提供了潜在机会。尽管在理解肠道微生物群与结直肠癌之间的关系方面取得了重大进展，但重大挑战依然存在。更深入、更详细地了解人类微生物群与癌症之间的相互作用对于充分实现微生物群在癌症管理中的潜力至关重要。与遗传因素不同，肠道微生物群可以被改变，这为结直肠癌治疗和药物发现的发展提供了一条有前景的途径。本综述概述了人类肠道微生物群与结直肠癌之间的相互作用，同时探讨了结直肠癌精准管理的前景。
