Li Xiawen, Rehman Abdul, Wang Zhenzhen, Li Hongge, Ma Jun, Du Xiongming, Peng Zhen, He Shoupu
Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang 455000, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 25;26(5):1982. doi: 10.3390/ijms26051982.
Currently, developing cotton cultivation in saline-alkali soils is a vital focus for restructuring the cotton industry in China. The seedling stage, specifically the three-leaf stage, is a crucial period for assessing the salt tolerance of cotton. This research examined 430 natural populations of upland cotton, including 45 semi-wild germlines of . We measured the phenotypic responses of salt stress injury on seedlings as well as potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in the roots, stems, and leaves following a 72 h exposure. The comprehensive salt tolerance index (CSTI) was determined using a membership function, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis based on 48 phenotypic traits related to salt tolerance. The results revealed significant variations in the phenotypic traits of the ion group under salt stress. Salt stress greatly affected the relative contents of Mg, K, and Ca ions in the aboveground parts of cotton, and correlations were observed among the 48 indices. The CSTI was calculated using seven principal component indexes, identifying 30 salt-tolerant, 114 weakly salt-tolerant, 39 salt-sensitive, and 4 highly sensitive materials based on cluster analysis. Among the 45 cotton resources, 28 were weakly salt-tolerant, while 17 were salt-sensitive. Through TMT (Tandem Mass Tag)-based quantitative analysis, we identified 3107 unique peptides among 28,642 detected peptides, resulting in 203,869 secondary mass spectra, with 50,039 spectra successfully matched to peptides. Additionally, we identified several salt tolerance-related pathways (carbon metabolism; glutathione metabolism; the biosynthesis of amino acids, etc.) and proteins classified within the CAZy (Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme) family and expansin proteins. The results of this study concerning salt-tolerant materials provide a crucial theoretical foundation for the identification and evaluation of salt-tolerant breeding parents in cultivated cotton.
目前，在盐碱地发展棉花种植是中国棉花产业结构调整的一个重要重点。苗期，特别是三叶期，是评估棉花耐盐性的关键时期。本研究对430个陆地棉自然群体进行了考察，其中包括45个半野生种质系。我们测量了盐胁迫对幼苗伤害的表型反应，以及在暴露72小时后根、茎和叶中钾（K）、钙（Ca）、钠（Na）和镁（Mg）的浓度。基于48个与耐盐性相关的表型性状，使用隶属函数、主成分分析和聚类分析确定了综合耐盐指数（CSTI）。结果表明，盐胁迫下离子组的表型性状存在显著差异。盐胁迫极大地影响了棉花地上部分Mg、K和Ca离子的相对含量，并且在48个指标之间观察到了相关性。利用七个主成分指标计算了CSTI，通过聚类分析确定了30个耐盐材料、114个耐盐性弱的材料、39个盐敏感材料和4个高度敏感材料。在45份棉花资源中，28份耐盐性弱，17份盐敏感。通过基于串联质量标签（TMT）的定量分析，我们在检测到的28642个肽段中鉴定出3107个独特肽段，产生了203869个二级质谱，其中50039个质谱成功匹配到肽段。此外，我们还鉴定了几个与耐盐性相关的途径（碳代谢；谷胱甘肽代谢；氨基酸生物合成等）以及属于糖基水解酶（CAZy）家族的蛋白质和扩展蛋白。本研究关于耐盐材料的结果为栽培棉花耐盐育种亲本的鉴定和评价提供了重要的理论基础。
