Holme Sonja, Richardson Stephen M, Bella Jordi, Pinali Christian
Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.
Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 5;26(5):2309. doi: 10.3390/ijms26052309.
Myocardial infarction remains a leading cause of death worldwide due to the heart's limited regenerative capability and the current lack of viable therapeutic solutions. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop effective treatment options to restore cardiac function after a heart attack. Stem cell-derived cardiac cells have been extensively utilised in cardiac tissue regeneration studies. However, the use of Matrigel as a substrate for the culture and maturation of these cells has been a major limitation for the translation of this research into clinical application. Hydrogels are emerging as a promising system to overcome this problem. They are biocompatible and can provide stem cells with a supportive scaffold that mimics the extracellular matrix, which is essential for repairing damaged tissue in the myocardium after an infarction. Thus, hydrogels provide an alternative and reproducible option in addressing myocardial infarction due to their unique potential therapeutic benefits. This review explores the different types of natural and synthetic polymers used to create hydrogels and their various delivery methods, the most common being via injection and cardiac patches and other applications such as bioprinting. Many challenges remain before hydrogels can be used in a clinical setting, but they hold great promise for the future of cardiac tissue regeneration.
由于心脏的再生能力有限且目前缺乏可行的治疗方案，心肌梗死仍然是全球范围内主要的死亡原因。因此，迫切需要开发有效的治疗方案，以在心脏病发作后恢复心脏功能。干细胞衍生的心脏细胞已广泛应用于心脏组织再生研究。然而，使用基质胶作为这些细胞培养和成熟的底物一直是将该研究转化为临床应用的主要限制。水凝胶正成为克服这一问题的有前景的体系。它们具有生物相容性，并且可以为干细胞提供模仿细胞外基质的支持性支架，这对于梗死心肌损伤组织的修复至关重要。因此，由于其独特的潜在治疗益处，水凝胶在解决心肌梗死方面提供了一种替代且可重复的选择。本文综述探讨了用于制备水凝胶的不同类型天然和合成聚合物及其各种递送方法，最常见的是通过注射、心脏贴片以及生物打印等其他应用。在水凝胶可用于临床之前仍存在许多挑战，但它们对心脏组织再生的未来具有巨大的潜力。
