Kabthymer Robel Hussen, Wu Tongzhi, Beigrezaei Sara, Franco Oscar H, Hodge Allison M, de Courten Barbora
Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia.
Adelaide Medical School and Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, The University of Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Diabetes Metab. 2025 May 16:101665. doi: 10.1016/j.diabet.2025.101665.
Globally, sugar intake from sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) exceeds the daily recommended limits for intake levels of free sugar. Artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), widely used to replace SSBs, are increasingly linked to adverse health outcomes. Hence, we assessed the association of sweetened beverage intake (SSBs and ASBs) with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Data from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) on 36,608 individuals aged 40 to 69 years were used. Self-reported data on diabetes were collected. The frequency of SSBs and ASBs consumption was categorized as: never or < 1 time/month; 1-3 per month; 1-6 times per week; ≥1 time / day. The association of sweetened beverage intake with the incidence of T2DM was assessed using modified Poisson regression, adjusted for lifestyle, obesity, socioeconomic, and other confounders.
Intakes of SSBs and ASBs were associated with an increased risk of T2DM. A high intake (≥ 1 time/day) compared to a low intake (never or < 1 time / month) was associated with increased risk of T2DM for SSB intake (incidence risk ratio (IRR) = 1.23; 95 % CI: 1.05-1.45; P for trend = 0.006) and for ASB intake (IRR = 1.38; 95 % CI: 1.18-1.61; P for trend < 0.001). Further adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and waist-to hip ratio (WHR) eliminated the association for SSBs, but not ASBs intake.
Both sugar and artificially sweetened beverages were linked to an increased risk of T2DM. The findings highlight the need for public health measures to control the intake of sweetened beverages.
在全球范围内，含糖饮料（SSB）中的糖摄入量超过了游离糖每日推荐摄入量限值。广泛用于替代含糖饮料的人工甜味饮料（ASB）与不良健康后果的关联日益增加。因此，我们评估了含糖饮料摄入量（含糖饮料和人工甜味饮料）与2型糖尿病（T2DM）风险之间的关联。
使用来自墨尔本协作队列研究（MCCS）的36608名年龄在40至69岁之间个体的数据。收集关于糖尿病的自我报告数据。含糖饮料和人工甜味饮料的消费频率分类如下：从不或每月<1次；每月1 - 3次；每周1 - 6次；≥1次/天。使用修正的泊松回归评估含糖饮料摄入量与2型糖尿病发病率之间的关联，并对生活方式、肥胖、社会经济状况和其他混杂因素进行了调整。
含糖饮料和人工甜味饮料的摄入量均与2型糖尿病风险增加有关。与低摄入量（从不或每月<1次）相比，高摄入量（≥1次/天）与含糖饮料摄入量导致的2型糖尿病风险增加相关（发病风险比（IRR）= 1.23；95%置信区间：1.05 - 1.45；趋势P值 = 0.006），与人工甜味饮料摄入量导致的2型糖尿病风险增加相关（IRR = 1.38；95%置信区间：1.18 - 1.61；趋势P值<0.001）。进一步对体重指数（BMI）和腰臀比（WHR）进行调整后，消除了含糖饮料的关联，但未消除人工甜味饮料摄入量的关联。
含糖饮料和人工甜味饮料均与2型糖尿病风险增加有关。研究结果凸显了采取公共卫生措施控制含糖饮料摄入量的必要性。
