Piquer-Piquer Ana, Crespo Miguel, Ramón-Llin Jesús, Guzmán José Francisco, Martínez-Gallego Rafael
Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Development Department, International Tennis Federation, London, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2025 Feb 26;16:1536427. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1536427. eCollection 2025.
Tennis equipment modifications, such as smaller rackets and low-compression balls, are increasingly being used because they can better align with beginners' physical capabilities, enhancing learning and engagement. This scoping review aimed to map current research on equipment modifications for beginner tennis players, identifying how these modifications impact skill acquisition, game performance, biomechanical variables, psychological aspects, and coaches' perspectives. Searches across the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus, along with expert input following the PRISMA procedures, yielded 35 studies. These studies involved empirical interventions related to scaled tennis equipment for beginners and were published in English or Spanish. Narrative reviews and studies lacking empirical data were excluded. The results indicate that equipment modifications enhance control, technique, and engagement in skill acquisition, improve tactical play with more aggressive strokes, and reduce joint stress, thereby minimizing injury risk. Psychological benefits include greater enjoyment and self-efficacy, and coaches strongly support these adaptations. These findings suggest practical implications for junior tennis development. However, future research should focus on expanding real-game applications, increasing participant diversity, and conducting detailed psychological and biomechanical assessments to further optimize player progression.
网球器材的改进，如更小的球拍和低压缩球，正越来越多地被使用，因为它们能更好地与初学者的身体能力相匹配，从而提高学习效果和参与度。本综述旨在梳理当前关于初学者网球器材改进的研究，确定这些改进如何影响技能习得、比赛表现、生物力学变量、心理因素以及教练的观点。通过在科学网、Scopus、PubMed和SPORTDiscus数据库进行检索，并按照PRISMA流程征求专家意见，共获得35项研究。这些研究涉及针对初学者的网球器材改进的实证干预，且以英文或西班牙文发表。排除了叙述性综述和缺乏实证数据的研究。结果表明，器材改进可增强技能习得过程中的控制、技术和参与度，通过更具攻击性的击球改善战术发挥，并减轻关节压力，从而将受伤风险降至最低。心理益处包括更高的享受感和自我效能感，教练也大力支持这些改进。这些发现对青少年网球发展具有实际意义。然而，未来的研究应侧重于扩大实际比赛应用、增加参与者多样性，并进行详细的心理和生物力学评估，以进一步优化球员的进步。
