Litman G K, Eiser J R, Rawson N S, Oppenheim A N
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1977 May;2(3):157-62. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(77)90023-0.
This paper outlines an empirical investigation into alcoholic relapse. The model underlying this work hypothesized that relapse in alcoholics is an interaction between (1) situations seen as dangerous in precipitating relapse, (2) the behaviours available within the individuals' repertoire to cope with these situations, (3) the perceived effectiveness of these "coping" behaviours and (4) the degree of alcohol dependence. The results of a "principal components" analysis indicated that "dangerous situations" or relapse precipitants could be categorized as (1) an unpleasant affect, (2) external events and euphoric feelings, (3) social anxiety and (4) lessened cognitive vigilance. Except for "external events", these relapse precipitants seemed to be associated with certain styles of coping, with varying degrees of effectiveness. The therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed in the context of designing treatment regimes geared towards more effective coping behaviours given specific types of situations.
本文概述了一项关于酒精复吸的实证研究。这项研究的基础模型假设，酗酒者的复吸是以下因素之间的一种相互作用：（1）被视为引发复吸危险的情境；（2）个体应对这些情境的行为方式；（3）这些“应对”行为的感知效果；以及（4）酒精依赖程度。“主成分”分析结果表明，“危险情境”或复吸诱发因素可分为：（1）不愉快情绪；（2）外部事件和欣快感；（3）社交焦虑；以及（4）认知警觉性降低。除了“外部事件”，这些复吸诱发因素似乎与特定的应对方式相关，且效果各异。本文将在针对特定类型情境设计更有效应对行为的治疗方案背景下，讨论这些研究结果的治疗意义。
