Hamidi Nazanin, Mousavi Seyedeh Saeedeh, Farahani Leila Amiri, Khosravi Ahmad, Saboute Maryam
Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Reproductive Health and Midwifery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Pediatr. 2025 Mar 17;25(1):202. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-05535-6.
Preterm delivery continues to be a major concern in the global health system. Where accessible, mother's milk is the optimal option for neonate nutrition. In recent years, donor milk as the best substitute for mother's milk where this is not available has become a popular option. The safest method to obtain this milk is from human milk banks. Thus, this study aims to compare the short-term outcomes of preterm neonates pre- and post-launch of human milk bank in Iran.
This is a retrospective descriptive study conducted over two time periods pre- and post-launch of the human milk bank at Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital in Tehran. 580 neonates were included in the study during the pre-launch period from November 2018 to June 2019. In the post-launch period, 580 neonates were also included in the study from April 2021 to November 2021. Individual data were gathered using a maternal and neonatal form. Data on outcomes were collected in a neonatal outcomes form, including necrotizing enterocolitis, late onset sepsis, mortality, feeding intolerance, time of initiating supplementary nutrition, and discharge date. In all statistical tests, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The results showed that the NEC frequency in neonates pre- and post-launch period was not statistically significant (12 vs. 6, P = 0.11). Sepsis occurred in 90 cases of neonates pre-launch and the figure was diminished to 80 neonates post-launch. Sepsis (90 vs. 80, P = 0.02) and feeding intolerance (420 vs. 402, P = 0.01) were significantly different in post-launch period. The mortality rate was significantly reduced after the launch of human milk bank (P = 0.002, 44 vs. 18). The number of neonates who received supplementary nutrition earlier than 30 days was significantly higher post-launch period (420 vs. 460, P = 0.003). In addition, the number of neonates discharged from the hospital post-launch increased significantly (407 vs. 460, P = 0.001).
Comparing neonatal outcomes showed that sepsis, feeding intolerance, mortality, and the neonates achieving supplementary nutrition earlier than 30 days and being discharged were reduced in post-launch period. Considering the significant outcomes of launching a human milk bank, it is recommended to have milk banks in hospitals with neonatal intensive care units (NICU).
早产仍然是全球卫生系统中的一个主要问题。在可行的情况下，母乳是新生儿营养的最佳选择。近年来，在无法获得母乳时，捐赠母乳作为其最佳替代品已成为一种流行选择。获取这种母乳最安全的方法是通过母乳库。因此，本研究旨在比较伊朗母乳库启用前后早产新生儿的短期结局。
这是一项回顾性描述性研究，在德黑兰沙希德·阿克巴·阿巴迪医院母乳库启用前后的两个时间段进行。在启用前阶段（2018年11月至2019年6月），580名新生儿纳入研究。在启用后阶段（2021年4月至2021年11月），也有580名新生儿纳入研究。使用母婴表格收集个体数据。结局数据通过新生儿结局表格收集，包括坏死性小肠结肠炎、晚发性败血症、死亡率、喂养不耐受、开始补充营养的时间和出院日期。在所有统计检验中，P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
结果显示，启用前后新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率无统计学差异（12例对6例，P=0.11）。启用前有90例新生儿发生败血症，启用后这一数字降至80例。启用后败血症（90例对80例，P=0.02）和喂养不耐受（420例对402例，P=0.01）有显著差异。母乳库启用后死亡率显著降低（P=0.002，44例对18例）。启用后在30天内接受补充营养的新生儿数量显著增加（420例对460例，P=0.003）。此外，启用后出院的新生儿数量显著增加（407例对460例，P=0.001）。
比较新生儿结局显示，启用后败血症、喂养不耐受、死亡率以及在30天内实现补充营养并出院的新生儿数量均有所减少。考虑到启用母乳库的显著效果，建议在设有新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的医院设立母乳库。
