Correia da Fonseca Henrique, de Melo Celso M, Terada Kazunori, Gratch Jonathan, Paiva Ana S, Santos Francisco C
INESC-ID and Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, IST-Taguspark, 2744-016, Porto Salvo, Portugal.
DEVCOM U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Playa Vista, CA, 90094, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 17;15(1):9151. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89588-8.
Do emotion expressions impact the evolution of cooperation? Indirect Reciprocity offers a solution to the cooperation dilemma with prior work focusing on the role of social norms in propagating others' reputations and contributing to evolutionarily stable cooperation. Recent experimental studies, however, show that emotion expressions shape pro-social behaviour, communicate one's intentions to others, and serve an error-correcting function; yet, the role of emotion signals in the evolution of cooperation remains unexplored. We present the first model of IR based on evolutionary game theory that exposes how emotion expressions positively influence the evolution of cooperation, particularly in scenarios of frequent errors. Our findings provide evolutionary support for the existence of emotion-based social norms, which help foster cooperation among unrelated individuals.
情绪表达会影响合作的进化吗？间接互惠为合作困境提供了一种解决方案，先前的研究主要关注社会规范在传播他人声誉以及促进进化稳定合作中所起的作用。然而，最近的实验研究表明，情绪表达塑造亲社会行为，向他人传达自己的意图，并起到纠错功能；然而，情绪信号在合作进化中的作用仍未得到探索。我们提出了第一个基于进化博弈论的间接互惠模型，揭示了情绪表达如何积极影响合作的进化，特别是在频繁出现错误的情况下。我们的研究结果为基于情绪的社会规范的存在提供了进化支持，这种规范有助于促进无亲属关系个体之间的合作。
