Marcuzzo Alberto Vito, Fadda Sara, Cargnelutti Kevin, Zucchini Simone, Bigolin Lara, Bonini Pierluigi, Tirelli Giancarlo
ENT Clinic, Head and Neck Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, Trieste, Italy.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2025 Feb;45(1):1-9. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-N3055.
Parathyroid adenomas can rarely cause spontaneous haemorrhage, which can be life-threatening. Diagnosis is challenging. We present a case and systematic review to define a clearer pattern of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
We conducted a literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase using PRISMA guidelines, identifying 38 relevant case reports on spontaneous neck bleeding or haematoma caused by parathyroid adenomas from 1974 to 2020. Data included epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment. One patient treated at our clinic is described.
Reviewing 38 articles, we found cervical haematomas from spontaneous bleeding of parathyroid adenoma in 45 patients, comprising 33 women and 12 men. Common symptoms were neck pain, dysphagia, and swelling. Surgery was the primary treatment, with 4.4% requiring tracheotomy. Average hospital stay was 12.5 days, which was mostly complication-free.
Parathyroid adenoma haemorrhage in middle-aged women with neck swelling, pain, and swallowing difficulty should be suspected. Diagnosis involves blood tests and contrast CT. Treatment is adenoma removal, typically without major complications.
甲状旁腺腺瘤极少会引起自发性出血，这可能危及生命。诊断具有挑战性。我们报告一例病例并进行系统综述，以明确更清晰的症状、诊断和治疗模式。
我们按照PRISMA指南对PubMed、谷歌学术和Embase进行文献检索，确定了1974年至2020年期间38篇关于甲状旁腺腺瘤引起的自发性颈部出血或血肿的相关病例报告。数据包括流行病学、临床特征和治疗情况。描述了在我们诊所治疗的一名患者。
回顾38篇文章，我们发现45例患者因甲状旁腺腺瘤自发性出血导致颈部血肿，其中女性33例，男性12例。常见症状为颈部疼痛、吞咽困难和肿胀。手术是主要治疗方法，4.4%的患者需要气管切开术。平均住院时间为12.5天，大多无并发症。
对于出现颈部肿胀、疼痛和吞咽困难的中年女性，应怀疑甲状旁腺腺瘤出血。诊断包括血液检查和增强CT。治疗方法是切除腺瘤，通常无重大并发症。
