Gong Yihui, Qin Yalin, Liu Rong, Wei Yuanyuan, Liu Haotian, Li Peng, Zhou Guihua
Development and Utilization and Quality and Safety Control of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Central Hunan, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, 417000, China.
Xiangtan Agricultural Science Research Institute, Xiangtan, 411100, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 18;15(1):9257. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-93762-3.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort) is an important leaf vegetable that widely cultivates due to its high-quality, short growth cycle, and less diseases. L. sativa var. ramosa Hort belongs to Asteraceae family and its evolutionary relationships with related species of Asteraceae are not completely assessed based on genome sequences. Here, we assembled the whole mitochondrial (mt) genome of L. sativa var. ramosa Hort, and performed a comparative with other related species. The L. sativa var. ramosa Hort mt genome has a typical circular structure with a length of 363,324 bp, within GC content accounted for 45.35%. In total of 71 genes, comprising 35 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 6 rRNAs, 28 tRNAs, and 2 pseudogenes were annotated. Codon preference, RNA-editing sites, repetitive sequences, and genes migrating from chloroplast (cp) to mt genomes were investigated in the L. sativa var. ramosa Hort mt genome. Nucleotide diversity (Pi) showed that the L. sativa var. ramosa Hort mt genome was relatively conserved. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree showed that L. sativa var. ramosa Hort was closely to L. sativa var. capitata and L. virosa, which belonged to the Lactuca genus in the Asteraceae family. Our findings will provide useful information to explore genetic variation, genetic diversity, and molecular breeding on the Lactuca genus.
生菜（Lactuca sativa var. ramosa Hort）是一种重要的叶菜类蔬菜，因其品质高、生长周期短且病害少而被广泛种植。L. sativa var. ramosa Hort属于菊科，基于基因组序列，其与菊科相关物种的进化关系尚未得到全面评估。在此，我们组装了L. sativa var. ramosa Hort的完整线粒体（mt）基因组，并与其他相关物种进行了比较。L. sativa var. ramosa Hort的mt基因组具有典型的环状结构，长度为363,324 bp，GC含量占45.35%。总共注释了71个基因，包括35个蛋白质编码基因（PCG）、6个rRNA、28个tRNA和2个假基因。对L. sativa var. ramosa Hort的mt基因组进行了密码子偏好性、RNA编辑位点、重复序列以及从叶绿体（cp）迁移到mt基因组的基因的研究。核苷酸多样性（Pi）表明L. sativa var. ramosa Hort的mt基因组相对保守。贝叶斯系统发育树显示，L. sativa var. ramosa Hort与属于菊科莴苣属的L. sativa var. capitata和L. virosa关系密切。我们的研究结果将为探索莴苣属的遗传变异、遗传多样性和分子育种提供有用信息。
