Liu Dongxue, Pan Yihan, Wang Jin, Shen Shaoshuai, Zhao Xiaoguang
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
School of Education and Welfare, Aichi Prefectural University, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1198, Japan.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Mar 19;13(1):274. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02586-3.
Physical activity (PA) is crucial for the prevention and management of chronic diseases and may be associated with cognitive impairment. This study investigated the longitudinal relationship between PA from different parameters (e.g., frequency, duration, intensity, and volume) and the incidence of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults.
Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011-2015). A total of 891 adults aged 45 and older were included in this study. Cognitive function was assessed using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status criteria, focused on episodic memory and executive function. We categorized participants into normal cognition and cognitive impairment groups. Self-reported PA information including frequency, duration, intensity, and volume was collected through a representative survey. Poisson regression analysis was employed to explore the relationship between PA parameters and the incidence of cognitive impairment over four years.
Engaging in moderate or light PA (MPA or LPA) at least three days per week, and vigorous PA (VPA) one to two days per week, was associated with a reduced incidence of cognitive impairment. Additionally, spending 30-119 min per day or 150 min per week or more on any PA intensity was linked to lower cognitive impairment prevalence. Sensitivity analysis, excluding individuals with neurological, mental, or memory impairments, confirmed these findings.
The findings highlight that the frequency, duration, and volume of VPA, MPA, or LPA are linked to the incidence of cognitive impairment. Regular PA may reduce the risk of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults.
身体活动对慢性病的预防和管理至关重要，且可能与认知障碍有关。本研究调查了不同参数（如频率、持续时间、强度和量）的身体活动与中老年人认知障碍发生率之间的纵向关系。
数据来源于中国健康与养老追踪调查（2011 - 2015年）。本研究共纳入891名45岁及以上的成年人。使用认知状况电话访谈标准评估认知功能，重点关注情景记忆和执行功能。我们将参与者分为正常认知组和认知障碍组。通过代表性调查收集自我报告的身体活动信息，包括频率、持续时间、强度和量。采用泊松回归分析来探讨身体活动参数与四年内认知障碍发生率之间的关系。
每周至少三天进行中度或轻度身体活动（MPA或LPA），以及每周一到两天进行剧烈身体活动（VPA），与认知障碍发生率降低有关。此外，每天花费30 - 119分钟或每周花费150分钟或更多时间进行任何强度的身体活动，与较低的认知障碍患病率相关。排除患有神经、精神或记忆障碍的个体后的敏感性分析证实了这些发现。
研究结果表明，VPA、MPA或LPA的频率、持续时间和量与认知障碍的发生率有关。规律的身体活动可能会降低中老年人认知障碍的风险。
