Mihai Ioana Maria, Wang Gang
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5, Canada.
Oncol Res. 2025 Feb 28;33(3):533-547. doi: 10.32604/or.2024.055155. eCollection 2025.
The advent of precision medicine has underscored the importance of biomarkers in predicting therapy response for bladder cancer, a malignancy marked by considerable heterogeneity. This review critically examines the current landscape of biomarkers to forecast treatment outcomes in bladder cancer patients. We explore a range of biomarkers, including genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, and transcriptomic indicators, from multiple sample sources, including urine, tumor tissue and blood, assessing their efficacy in predicting responses to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies. Despite promising developments, the translation of these biomarkers into clinical practice faces significant challenges, such as variability in biomarker performance, the necessity for large-scale validation studies, and the integration of biomarker testing into routine clinical workflows. We also highlight the need for standardized methodologies and robust assays to ensure consistency and reliability. Future directions point towards longitudinal studies and the development of combination biomarker panels to enhance predictive accuracy. This review emphasizes the transformative potential of predictive biomarkers in improving patient outcomes and advocates for continued collaborative efforts to overcome existing barriers in this rapidly evolving field.
精准医学的出现凸显了生物标志物在预测膀胱癌治疗反应方面的重要性，膀胱癌是一种具有显著异质性的恶性肿瘤。本综述批判性地审视了当前用于预测膀胱癌患者治疗结果的生物标志物格局。我们从尿液、肿瘤组织和血液等多种样本来源探索了一系列生物标志物，包括基因、表观遗传、蛋白质组学和转录组学指标，评估它们在预测化疗、免疫治疗和靶向治疗反应方面的功效。尽管取得了有前景的进展，但将这些生物标志物转化为临床实践面临重大挑战，如生物标志物性能的可变性、大规模验证研究的必要性以及将生物标志物检测整合到常规临床工作流程中。我们还强调了需要标准化方法和可靠的检测方法以确保一致性和可靠性。未来的方向指向纵向研究以及开发联合生物标志物面板以提高预测准确性。本综述强调了预测性生物标志物在改善患者预后方面的变革潜力，并倡导继续开展合作努力以克服这个快速发展领域中的现有障碍。
