Stuckey Melanie, Tanenbaum Brandy, Kriellaars Dean
HUPR - Centre de recherche sur le potentiel humain, École nationale de cirque, 8181 Avenue du Cirque, Montréal, QC, H1Z 4N9, Canada.
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Sports Med. 2025 Jun;55(6):1353-1360. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02199-1. Epub 2025 Mar 22.
Traditional risk management approaches focus on the prevention of negative short-term physical outcomes, such as injury. While the relationship between risk and harm has been useful for reducing workplace and transport injuries, it is inappropriate in movement contexts such as sport, leisure and education, where engagement with risk can be an important contributor to healthy human development and flourishing across the lifespan. We propose a neutral definition of risk informed by the 2009 International Organization for Standardization as the basis of a framework to support a rational approach to decision making around risk in movement contexts. The framework proposed herein considers the probability of all potential outcomes (positive, neutral, or negative) that could impact human development across the lifespan. Viewpoints from multiple timepoints (immediate to multi-generational) and levels (participant(s), proximal observers, local community, society) are included. The framework proposes two outcome streams: physical and psychosocial to avoid the pitfalls of a singular focus. The perception of risk is an individual experience that is subject to interpretation; as such, stakeholders relevant to the activity under consideration and representative of the intersectional identities of the community in which it takes place should be included in the process. This framework provides a rational approach for movement communities to adopt adequate safety practices (as opposed to surplus safety) in the creation and ongoing maintenance of movement opportunities that support flourishing for all.
传统的风险管理方法侧重于预防负面的短期身体结果,如受伤。虽然风险与伤害之间的关系对于减少工作场所和交通伤害很有用,但在运动环境中,如体育、休闲和教育领域,这种方法并不适用,因为在这些领域中,接触风险可能是人类健康发展和一生繁荣的重要因素。我们提出一个基于2009年国际标准化组织的风险中性定义,作为一个框架的基础,以支持在运动环境中围绕风险进行理性决策的方法。本文提出的框架考虑了所有可能影响人类一生发展的潜在结果(积极、中性或消极)的概率。纳入了多个时间点(从即时到多代)和层面(参与者、近端观察者、当地社区、社会)的观点。该框架提出了两个结果流:身体和心理社会,以避免单一关注的陷阱。风险认知是一种个体体验,会受到解读的影响;因此,与所考虑的活动相关且代表其发生社区交叉身份的利益相关者应参与到这个过程中。这个框架为运动社区提供了一种理性方法,以便在创造和持续维护支持所有人繁荣的运动机会时,采用适当的安全措施(而非过度安全)。