Pärn Jaan, Thayamkottu Sandeep, Öpik Maarja, Bahram Mohammad, Tedersoo Leho, Espenberg Mikk, Davison John Alexander, Kasak Kuno, Maddison Martin, Niinemets Ülo, Ostonen Ivika, Soosaar Kaido, Sohar Kristina, Zobel Martin, Mander Ülo
Department of Geography, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Mar 24;15(1):10153. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-92891-z.
Earth's climate is tightly connected to carbon and nitrogen exchange between the atmosphere and ecosystems. Wet peatland ecosystems take up carbon dioxide in plants and accumulate organic carbon in soil but release methane. Man-made drainage releases carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide from peat soils. Carbon and nitrous gas exchange and their relationships with environmental conditions are poorly understood. Here, we show that open peatlands in both their wet and dry extremes are greenhouse gas sinks while peat carbon/nitrogen ratios are high and prokaryotic (bacterial and archaeal) abundances are low. Conversely, peatlands with moderate soil moisture levels emit carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, while prokaryotic abundances are high. The results challenge the current assumption of a uniform effect of drainage on greenhouse gas emissions and show that the peat microbiome of greenhouse-gas sources differs fundamentally from sinks.
地球气候与大气和生态系统之间的碳氮交换紧密相连。湿润的泥炭地生态系统在植物中吸收二氧化碳，并在土壤中积累有机碳，但会释放甲烷。人为排水会从泥炭土壤中释放二氧化碳和一氧化二氮。碳和含氮气体的交换及其与环境条件的关系目前还知之甚少。在此，我们表明，处于干湿极端状态的开阔泥炭地是温室气体汇，此时泥炭碳/氮比高且原核生物（细菌和古菌）丰度低。相反，土壤湿度适中的泥炭地会排放二氧化碳和一氧化二氮，而原核生物丰度高。这些结果挑战了目前关于排水对温室气体排放具有统一影响的假设，并表明温室气体源的泥炭微生物群落与汇有着根本区别。
