Larsen Tine Graakjær, Ginty Jonathan R, Jessen Randi, Nielsen Ruben Bjerregaard, Jensen Anders, Botnen Amanda Bolt, Wilkowski Bartlomiej, Rasmussen Camilla, Brødbæk Dalila Lepirica, Shaw Daniel Steven, Benameur Elias, Rasmussen Morten, Trebbien Ramona, Mortensen Shila, Olsen Stefan S, Chong Steven, Krause Tyra Grove, Schneider Uffe Vest, Vangsted Anne-Marie, Steenhard Nina Ruth, Møller Frederik Trier
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
ECDC Fellowship Programme, Public Health Microbiology path (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden.
J Med Virol. 2025 Apr;97(4):e70293. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70293.
This study presents findings captured in the first 1.5 years of the Virus Monitoring in Denmark (VMD) surveillance system. It describes trends in respiratory viruses, related symptoms, and participant demographics and behaviors. VMD used self-swabbing and self-reported symptoms to monitor respiratory viruses in the general population. Participants were recruited via digital invitations to a representative sample of the population or through workplaces. Symptomatic participants could self-swab and register their samples and report their symptoms via a dedicated smartphone web app. With 30 627 participants and 12 642 samples analyzed, VMD had a broad demographic representation. SARS-CoV-2 was the most frequently detected virus, with positivity rates peaking at over 50% in late 2023. Participants commonly self-swabbed because of fever, cough, and rhinorrhea, with influenza A linked to the highest median number of symptoms. Participants only provided samples after reaching a specific symptom threshold, and participation affected the health-seeking behaviors and work attendance of a few individuals. VMD continuously provided real-time insights into respiratory virus trends and symptomatology in the general non-healthcare-seeking population. Its accessibility - available to anyone with a Danish identification number, a smartphone, and an invitation - highlights its potential as a pandemic preparedness tool.
本研究展示了丹麦病毒监测（VMD）系统前1.5年所获得的研究结果。它描述了呼吸道病毒的趋势、相关症状以及参与者的人口统计学特征和行为。VMD利用自我采样拭子和自我报告症状来监测普通人群中的呼吸道病毒。参与者通过向具有代表性的人群样本发送数字邀请或通过工作场所招募。有症状的参与者可以自行采样拭子并登记样本，并通过专用的智能手机网络应用程序报告症状。对30627名参与者和12642个样本进行分析后，VMD具有广泛的人口统计学代表性。严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）是最常检测到的病毒，2023年末阳性率峰值超过50%。参与者通常因发烧、咳嗽和流鼻涕而自行采样拭子，甲型流感与症状中位数最高相关。参与者仅在达到特定症状阈值后才提供样本，参与影响了少数人的就医行为和出勤情况。VMD持续提供有关普通非就医人群中呼吸道病毒趋势和症状学的实时见解。其可及性——任何拥有丹麦身份证号码、智能手机并收到邀请的人都可以使用——凸显了其作为大流行防范工具的潜力。
