前庭功能障碍：阿尔茨海默病的一个潜在危险因素。
Vestibular dysfunction: a hidden risk factor for Alzheimer's disease.
作者信息
Koriath Carolin Anna Maria, Rauchmann Boris, Schoeberl Florian, Zwergal Andreas, Falkai Peter, Perneczky Robert
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
出版信息
J Neurol. 2025 Mar 25;272(4):285. doi: 10.1007/s00415-025-13045-9.
BACKGROUND
London taxi drivers' navigationally challenged hippocampi are known to be enlarged, and reduced Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related mortality has recently been shown in similarly well-versed drivers, implying a neuroprotective effect through hippocampal engagement. Vestibular function has been linked to hippocampal size, suggesting that vestibular input may influence AD risk.
METHODS
Including 16 known modifiable lifestyle factors as covariates, we analyzed UK Biobank (UKB) volunteers aged over 55 years and without dementia at baseline to assess how peripheral vestibular dysfunction (PVD) influences the likelihood of an AD diagnosis.
RESULTS
4684 AD and 2133 PVD cases were identified based on their ICD diagnoses; even accounting for other risk factors, PVD increased the risk of AD 1.7 times in UKB volunteers.
DISCUSSION
Vestibular loss, linked to hippocampal atrophy and default mode network disruption, appears to increase AD risk. Consequently, active vestibular stimulation by balance training or neuromodulation could offer potential for modifying AD progression.
背景
众所周知，伦敦出租车司机因导航需求对海马体的挑战导致其海马体增大，并且最近有研究表明，同样经验丰富的司机患阿尔茨海默病（AD）的死亡率降低，这意味着通过海马体的参与具有神经保护作用。前庭功能与海马体大小有关，这表明前庭输入可能会影响AD风险。
方法
将16个已知的可改变生活方式因素作为协变量，我们分析了英国生物银行（UKB）中年龄超过55岁且基线时无痴呆症的志愿者，以评估外周前庭功能障碍（PVD）如何影响AD诊断的可能性。
结果
根据国际疾病分类（ICD）诊断确定了4684例AD病例和2133例PVD病例；即使考虑其他风险因素，PVD也使UKB志愿者患AD的风险增加了1.7倍。
讨论
与海马体萎缩和默认模式网络破坏相关的前庭功能丧失似乎会增加AD风险。因此，通过平衡训练或神经调节进行主动前庭刺激可能为改变AD进展提供可能性。
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