Bacterial diversity in the honey sac during bee foraging on winter-flowering flora and dominant inhibits .

BACKGROUND

The bacterial diversity of two bee species in the process of honey collection during the flowering season of three different floral sources in the winter was studied. The common bacterium in all samples was .

METHODS

In the present study, we collected nectar, honey sacs, and fresh honey during the winter flowering season of , , and . The pure culture method was used to count and analyze the number of bacteria, they were identified using 16S rRNA sequencing, similarities were compared in NCBI, and the common dominant bacterial species in all samples using phylogenetic analysis and intersection analysis were determined to conduct further bacteriostatic experiments.

RESULTS

The results showed that the most abundant quantity of bacteria could be found in the honey sacs, compared to in nectar or fresh honey. At the same time, the highest abundance of bacteria could be found in the honey sacs of when collected on , while the highest abundance of bacteria could be found in the honey sacs of when collected on and . A total of 33 bacterial species were isolated, with variations in their distribution across different sample types and sources. The inhibitory effect of 10-10 on by was very significant.

CONCLUSIONS

was identified in all sample sources, indicating the potential importance of as a probiotic in the bee gut for honey production, and could promote the disease resistance and health of honeybees in winter.