Aybar Yalınkılıç Nazlı, Çiçek Bayram Şilan, Başbağ Sema
Department of Plant Production and Technologies, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Muş Alparslan University, Mus 49000, Türkiye.
Institute of Science, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21100, Türkiye.
Life (Basel). 2025 Mar 17;15(3):483. doi: 10.3390/life15030483.
The flax ( L.) plant can grow in various agroecological environments. However, there are some factors that affect the production and quality of flax. Sowing date is one of the important factors determining crop productivity. In this study, four different sowing dates (20-22 March, 1-3 April, 15-18 April and 30 April, respectively) were applied to determine the appropriate sowing date in terms of yield and oil quality in three flax varieties (Sarı Dane, Kara Kız, Beyaz Gelin). The study results showed that by delaying sowing, the seed filling period of the plant was exposed to high temperatures, and this caused decreases in seed yield. In other words, the most positive results in terms of agronomic characteristics were obtained from the first sowing date. In this respect, the highest oil yield of 760 kg ha and the highest oil content of 34% were obtained from the Sarı Dane variety. Similarly, flaxseed showed high values in terms of alphalinolenic acid (54.25%), palmitic acid (6.36%), stearic acid (7%), oleic acid (22.54%) and linoleic acid (14%) at the first and second planting times, while these rates decreased relatively as the planting time was delayed. According to the results of the two-year study, it was determined that the ecological conditions of the region were suitable for flax cultivation. However, it is clear that delaying the sowing date causes significant decreases in both the agronomic traits of flax and the oil quality for industrial purposes. In this respect, considering the ecology of the region, sowing flax in the last week of March or the first week of April is suitable for optimum yield and oil quality.
亚麻（L.）植株能在多种农业生态环境中生长。然而，有一些因素会影响亚麻的产量和品质。播种日期是决定作物生产力的重要因素之一。在本研究中，对三个亚麻品种（萨里达内、卡拉基兹、贝亚兹盖林）设置了四个不同的播种日期（分别为3月20 - 22日、4月1 - 3日、4月15 - 18日和4月30日），以确定从产量和油脂品质方面来看合适的播种日期。研究结果表明，延迟播种会使植株的种子灌浆期遭遇高温，这导致种子产量下降。换句话说，从农艺性状方面来看，最早的播种日期取得了最积极的结果。在这方面，萨里达内品种获得了最高的油脂产量760千克/公顷以及最高的含油率34%。同样，亚麻籽在第一次和第二次播种时，在α - 亚麻酸（54.25%）、棕榈酸（6.36%）、硬脂酸（7%）、油酸（22.54%）和亚油酸（14%）方面表现出较高的值，而随着播种时间推迟，这些比率相对下降。根据为期两年的研究结果，确定该地区的生态条件适合亚麻种植。然而，很明显延迟播种日期会导致亚麻的农艺性状以及工业用途的油脂品质显著下降。在这方面，考虑到该地区的生态情况，在3月最后一周或4月第一周播种亚麻适合获得最佳产量和油脂品质。
