The Application of Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks for the Detection, Adsorption, and Degradation of Contaminants in an Aquatic Environment.

Water pollution poses a severe threat to both aquatic ecosystems and human health, highlighting the crucial importance of monitoring and regulating its levels in water bodies. In contrast to traditional single-treatment approaches, multiple-treatment methods enable the simultaneous detection and removal of water pollutants using a single material. This innovation not only offers convenience but also fosters a more holistic and effective approach to water remediation. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are versatile porous materials that offer significant potential for use in wastewater treatment. This article examines the latest developments in the application of MOFs for multifaceted wastewater treatment. MOFs are used for simultaneous detection and removal, or for the detection and degradation of contaminants. Some MOFs exhibited different functions for different contaminants, and some MOFs showed one function (adsorption or detection) for more than one contaminant. All the multifunctional MOFs facilitate the multiple treatment of the real wastewater. Lastly, existing challenges and future outlooks concerning MOF materials for wastewater treatment are also addressed in this paper.